tomas.kracmar
4740cd3e97
Live NTLM hashes are written unencrypted to a temp file before AES protection is applied. Cleanup only runs in a finally block, so a hard kill/crash between write and cleanup could leave plaintext hashes on disk under a directory that inherits whatever broad ACL its parent Temp folder has (worst case: C:\Windows\Temp when run as SYSTEM). Strip inherited ACEs and grant only the current user on the temp directory right after creating it, narrowing exposure for that window. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
366 lines
19 KiB
PowerShell
366 lines
19 KiB
PowerShell
##################################################
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## ____ ___ ____ _____ _ _ _____ _____ ##
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## / ___/ _ \| _ \| ____| | \ | | ____|_ _| ##
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## | | | | | | |_) | _| | \| | _| | | ##
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## | |__| |_| | _ <| |___ _| |\ | |___ | | ##
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## \____\__\_\_| \_\_____(_)_| \_|_____| |_| ##
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##################################################
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## Project: Elysium ##
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## File: Extract-NTHashes.ps1 ##
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## Version: 2.4.5 ##
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## Support: support@cqre.net ##
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##################################################
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<#
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#Requires -Modules DSInternals
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.SYNOPSIS
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Script for extracting NTLM hashes from live AD for further analysis.
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.DESCRIPTION
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This script will connect to selected domain (defined in ElysiumSettings.txt) using account with AD replication privileges and extract NTLM hashes from all active accounts. It will then compress and encrypt the resulting file, uploads it to designated Azure Storage account, checks for validity and then deletes everything. The hashes are extracted without usernames to minimise the sensitivity of the operation. Encryption is done with AES and passphrase that was defined in environment variable during first run.
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#>
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$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
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Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
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$scriptRoot = $PSScriptRoot
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[string]$commonHelper = Join-Path -Path $PSScriptRoot -ChildPath 'Elysium.Common.ps1'
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $commonHelper)) { throw "Common helper not found at $commonHelper" }
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. $commonHelper
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Restart-WithWindowsPowerShellIfAvailable -BoundParameters $PSBoundParameters -UnboundArguments $MyInvocation.UnboundArguments
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function Start-ExtractTranscript {
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param([string]$BasePath)
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try {
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$logsDir = Join-Path -Path $BasePath -ChildPath 'Reports/logs'
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if (-not (Test-Path $logsDir)) { New-Item -Path $logsDir -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null }
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$ts = Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd-HHmmss'
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$logPath = Join-Path -Path $logsDir -ChildPath "extract-hashes-$ts.log"
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Start-Transcript -Path $logPath -Force | Out-Null
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "Could not start transcript: $($_.Exception.Message)"
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}
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}
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function Stop-ExtractTranscript { try { Stop-Transcript | Out-Null } catch {} }
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function Normalize-ReportPath([string]$p) {
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($p)) { return (Join-Path -Path $scriptRoot -ChildPath 'Reports') }
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if ([System.IO.Path]::IsPathRooted($p)) { return $p }
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return (Join-Path -Path $scriptRoot -ChildPath $p)
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}
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function Get-FileSha256Hex([string]$path) {
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$sha = [System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create()
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$fs = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($path)
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try { return ([BitConverter]::ToString($sha.ComputeHash($fs))).Replace('-', '').ToLowerInvariant() } finally { $fs.Close(); $sha.Dispose() }
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}
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function Invoke-S3PutFile([string]$endpointUrl, [string]$bucket, [string]$key, [string]$filePath, [string]$region, [string]$ak, [string]$sk, [bool]$forcePathStyle) {
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$uri = BuildS3Uri -endpointUrl $endpointUrl -bucket $bucket -key $key -forcePathStyle $forcePathStyle
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$payloadHash = Get-FileSha256Hex -path $filePath
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Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net.Http -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()
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try {
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$req = [System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage]::new([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Put, $uri)
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$stream = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($filePath)
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$req.Content = [System.Net.Http.StreamContent]::new($stream)
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$hdrs = BuildAuthHeaders -method 'PUT' -uri $uri -region $region -accessKey $ak -secretKey $sk -payloadHash $payloadHash
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-date', $hdrs['x-amz-date']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('Authorization', $hdrs['Authorization']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-content-sha256', $hdrs['x-amz-content-sha256']) | Out-Null
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$resp = $client.SendAsync($req).Result
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if (-not $resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw "S3 PUT failed: $([int]$resp.StatusCode) $($resp.ReasonPhrase)" }
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} finally { if ($req) { $req.Dispose() }; if ($stream) { $stream.Close(); $stream.Dispose() }; $client.Dispose() }
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}
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function Invoke-S3GetToFile([string]$endpointUrl, [string]$bucket, [string]$key, [string]$targetPath, [string]$region, [string]$ak, [string]$sk, [bool]$forcePathStyle) {
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$uri = BuildS3Uri -endpointUrl $endpointUrl -bucket $bucket -key $key -forcePathStyle $forcePathStyle
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$payloadHash = (Get-HashHex (Get-Bytes ''))
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Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net.Http -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()
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try {
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$req = [System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage]::new([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Get, $uri)
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$hdrs = BuildAuthHeaders -method 'GET' -uri $uri -region $region -accessKey $ak -secretKey $sk -payloadHash $payloadHash
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-date', $hdrs['x-amz-date']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('Authorization', $hdrs['Authorization']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-content-sha256', $hdrs['x-amz-content-sha256']) | Out-Null
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$resp = $client.SendAsync($req).Result
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if (-not $resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw "S3 GET failed: $([int]$resp.StatusCode) $($resp.ReasonPhrase)" }
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$bytes = $resp.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result
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[System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes($targetPath, $bytes)
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} finally { if ($req) { $req.Dispose() }; $client.Dispose() }
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}
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function Protect-FileWithAES {
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param (
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$InputFile,
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$OutputFile,
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$Passphrase
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)
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$rng = [System.Security.Cryptography.RandomNumberGenerator]::Create()
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$salt = New-Object byte[] 16
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$rng.GetBytes($salt)
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$kdf = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.Rfc2898DeriveBytes($Passphrase, $salt, 100000, [System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName]::SHA256)
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$key = $kdf.GetBytes(32)
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$aes = [System.Security.Cryptography.Aes]::Create()
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$aes.KeySize = 256
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$aes.BlockSize = 128
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$aes.Mode = [System.Security.Cryptography.CipherMode]::CBC
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$aes.Padding = [System.Security.Cryptography.PaddingMode]::PKCS7
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$aes.GenerateIV()
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$iv = $aes.IV
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$encryptor = $aes.CreateEncryptor($key, $iv)
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$fileStream = [System.IO.File]::Open($InputFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Read)
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$outFileStream = [System.IO.File]::Create($OutputFile)
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try {
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$magic = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes('ELY1')
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$outFileStream.Write($magic, 0, $magic.Length)
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$outFileStream.Write($salt, 0, $salt.Length)
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$outFileStream.Write($iv, 0, $iv.Length)
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$cryptoStream = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream($outFileStream, $encryptor, [System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStreamMode]::Write)
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try {
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$buffer = New-Object Byte[] 8192
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while (($read = $fileStream.Read($buffer, 0, $buffer.Length)) -gt 0) {
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$cryptoStream.Write($buffer, 0, $read)
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}
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} finally {
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$cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()
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$cryptoStream.Close()
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}
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} finally {
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$outFileStream.Close(); $fileStream.Close(); $aes.Dispose(); $rng.Dispose(); $kdf.Dispose()
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}
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Write-Host "File has been encrypted (PBKDF2+AES-256-CBC): $OutputFile"
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}
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function Get-FileChecksum {
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param (
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[string]$Path,
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[string]$Algorithm = "SHA256"
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)
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$hasher = [System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm]::Create($Algorithm)
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$stream = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($Path)
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try {
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$hashBytes = $hasher.ComputeHash($stream)
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return [BitConverter]::ToString($hashBytes) -replace '-', ''
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} finally {
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$stream.Close()
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$hasher.Dispose()
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}
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}
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Start-ExtractTranscript -BasePath $scriptRoot
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try {
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Write-Host "Loading settings..."
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$ElysiumSettings = Read-ElysiumSettings -ScriptRoot $scriptRoot
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# Storage provider selection (Azure by default)
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$storageProvider = $ElysiumSettings['StorageProvider']
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($storageProvider)) { $storageProvider = 'Azure' }
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# Azure settings
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$storageAccountName = $ElysiumSettings['storageAccountName']
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$containerName = $ElysiumSettings['containerName']
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$sasToken = $ElysiumSettings['sasToken']
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# S3-compatible settings
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$s3EndpointUrl = $ElysiumSettings['s3EndpointUrl']
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$s3Region = $ElysiumSettings['s3Region']
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$s3BucketName = $ElysiumSettings['s3BucketName']
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$s3AccessKeyId = $ElysiumSettings['s3AccessKeyId']
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$s3SecretAccessKey = $ElysiumSettings['s3SecretAccessKey']
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$s3ForcePathStyle = $ElysiumSettings['s3ForcePathStyle']
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$s3UseAwsTools = $ElysiumSettings['s3UseAwsTools']
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3Region)) { $s3Region = 'us-east-1' }
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try { $s3ForcePathStyle = [System.Convert]::ToBoolean($s3ForcePathStyle) } catch { $s3ForcePathStyle = $true }
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try { $s3UseAwsTools = [System.Convert]::ToBoolean($s3UseAwsTools) } catch { $s3UseAwsTools = $false }
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# Retrieve the passphrase from a user environment variable
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$passphrase = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("ELYSIUM_PASSPHRASE", [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::User)
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($passphrase)) { throw 'Passphrase not found in ELYSIUM_PASSPHRASE environment variable.' }
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$timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd-HHmmss"
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$reportBase = Normalize-ReportPath -p $ElysiumSettings['ReportPathBase']
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if (-not (Test-Path $reportBase)) { New-Item -Path $reportBase -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null }
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# Build domain details from settings (ordered to keep numeric index order)
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$DomainDetails = [ordered]@{}
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for ($i = 1; $ElysiumSettings.ContainsKey("Domain${i}Name"); $i++) {
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$DomainDetails["$i"] = @{
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Name = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}Name"]
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DC = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}DC"]
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DA = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}DA"]
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}
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}
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# User selects a domain
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Write-Host "Select a domain to extract NTLM hashes:"
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$DomainDetails.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object { [int]$_.Key } | ForEach-Object { Write-Host "$($_.Key): $($_.Value.Name)" }
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$selection = Read-Host "Enter the number of the domain"
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$selectedDomain = $DomainDetails[$selection]
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if (-not $selectedDomain) {
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throw "Invalid selection."
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}
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$domainController = $selectedDomain.DC
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# Validate credentials and replication permissions before attempting DCSync
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$hasADModule = $null -ne (Get-Module -Name ActiveDirectory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
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if (-not $hasADModule) {
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try { Import-Module ActiveDirectory -ErrorAction Stop; $hasADModule = $true } catch {}
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}
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if ($hasADModule) {
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$credential = Get-ValidatedADCredential -DomainName $selectedDomain.Name -Server $domainController
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try {
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$domainInfo = Get-ADDomain -Server $domainController -Credential $credential -ErrorAction Stop
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Test-ReplicationPermissions -DomainDN $domainInfo.DistinguishedName `
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-Server $domainController -Credential $credential
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} catch {
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throw $_.Exception.Message
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}
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} else {
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Write-Warning "ActiveDirectory module not available; skipping credential pre-check and replication permission verification."
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$credential = Get-Credential -Message "Enter AD credentials with replication rights for $($selectedDomain.Name)"
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if ($null -eq $credential) { throw "Credential prompt was cancelled." }
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}
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$domainPrefix = ($selectedDomain.Name -replace "\W", "_")
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$baseName = "${domainPrefix}_NTLM_Hashes_$timestamp"
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$blobName = "$baseName.enc"
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# Use a temp directory for all sensitive intermediate files so they are
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# never written to the installation directory and are always cleaned up.
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$tmpDir = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path ([System.IO.Path]::Combine(
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[System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath(), "elysium-extract-" + [System.Guid]::NewGuid())) -Force
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try {
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# Plaintext NTLM hashes land in this directory before AES protection is applied below.
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# Strip inherited ACEs (e.g. a broad "Users" grant on the parent Temp folder) so only the
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# current user can read it while the finally block's cleanup hasn't run yet.
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$dirAcl = $tmpDir.GetAccessControl()
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$dirAcl.SetAccessRuleProtection($true, $false)
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$currentUserRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule(
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[System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().User,
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[System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]::FullControl,
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'ContainerInherit,ObjectInherit', 'None', 'Allow')
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$dirAcl.AddAccessRule($currentUserRule)
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$tmpDir.SetAccessControl($dirAcl)
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "Could not restrict ACL on temporary directory '$($tmpDir.FullName)': $($_.Exception.Message)"
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}
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$exportPath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.txt"
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$compressedFilePath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.zip"
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$encryptedFilePath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.enc"
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$tempDownloadPath = $null
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try {
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$ntlmHashes = Get-ADReplAccount -All -Server $domainController -Credential $credential |
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Where-Object { $_.NTHash } |
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ForEach-Object { [BitConverter]::ToString($_.NTHash).Replace("-", "") } |
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Sort-Object -Unique
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$ntlmHashes | Out-File -FilePath $exportPath
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Write-Host "NTLM hashes have been extracted to temporary file."
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Compress-Archive -Path $exportPath -DestinationPath $compressedFilePath
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Write-Host "File has been compressed."
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Protect-FileWithAES -InputFile $compressedFilePath -OutputFile $encryptedFilePath -Passphrase $passphrase
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$localFileChecksum = Get-FileChecksum -Path $encryptedFilePath
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if ($storageProvider -ieq 'S3') {
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3BucketName)) { throw 's3BucketName is missing in settings.' }
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3AccessKeyId) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3SecretAccessKey)) { throw 's3AccessKeyId / s3SecretAccessKey missing in settings.' }
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3EndpointUrl)) { throw 's3EndpointUrl is required for S3-compatible storage.' }
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$usedAwsTools = $false
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if ($s3UseAwsTools) {
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try {
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$s3Client = New-S3Client -EndpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -Region $s3Region -AccessKeyId $s3AccessKeyId -SecretAccessKey $s3SecretAccessKey -ForcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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$putReq = New-Object Amazon.S3.Model.PutObjectRequest -Property @{ BucketName = $s3BucketName; Key = $blobName; FilePath = $encryptedFilePath }
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$null = $s3Client.PutObject($putReq)
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to S3-compatible bucket (AWS Tools): $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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$getReq = New-Object Amazon.S3.Model.GetObjectRequest -Property @{ BucketName = $s3BucketName; Key = $blobName }
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$getResp = $s3Client.GetObject($getReq)
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$getResp.WriteResponseStreamToFile($tempDownloadPath, $true)
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$getResp.Dispose()
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$usedAwsTools = $true
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "AWS Tools path failed or not available. Falling back to native HTTP (SigV4). Details: $($_.Exception.Message)"
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$usedAwsTools = $false
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}
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}
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if (-not $usedAwsTools) {
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Invoke-S3PutFile -endpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -bucket $s3BucketName -key $blobName -filePath $encryptedFilePath -region $s3Region -ak $s3AccessKeyId -sk $s3SecretAccessKey -forcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to S3-compatible bucket: $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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Invoke-S3GetToFile -endpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -bucket $s3BucketName -key $blobName -targetPath $tempDownloadPath -region $s3Region -ak $s3AccessKeyId -sk $s3SecretAccessKey -forcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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}
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} else {
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$sas = $sasToken
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($sas)) { throw 'sasToken is missing in settings.' }
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$sas = $sas.Trim(); if (-not $sas.StartsWith('?')) { $sas = '?' + $sas }
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try { Import-Module Az.Storage -ErrorAction Stop } catch {}
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$storageContext = New-AzStorageContext -StorageAccountName $storageAccountName -SasToken $sas
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$container = Get-AzStorageContainer -Name $containerName -Context $storageContext -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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if (-not $container) { throw "Azure container '$containerName' not found or access denied." }
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Set-AzStorageBlobContent -File $encryptedFilePath -Container $containerName -Blob $blobName -Context $storageContext | Out-Null
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to Azure Blob Storage: $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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Get-AzStorageBlobContent -Blob $blobName -Container $containerName -Context $storageContext -Destination $tempDownloadPath -Force | Out-Null
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}
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$downloadedFileChecksum = Get-FileChecksum -Path $tempDownloadPath
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if ($localFileChecksum -eq $downloadedFileChecksum) {
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Write-Host "The file was correctly uploaded. Checksum verified."
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Remove-Item -Path $encryptedFilePath -Force
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Remove-Item -Path $tempDownloadPath -Force
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if ($storageProvider -ieq 'S3') {
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Write-Host "Upload to S3-compatible storage completed and verified."
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} else {
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Write-Host "Upload to Azure Blob Storage completed and verified."
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}
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} else {
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Write-Warning "Checksum verification failed. Encrypted file preserved for investigation: $encryptedFilePath"
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if ($tempDownloadPath -and (Test-Path $tempDownloadPath)) {
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Remove-Item -Path $tempDownloadPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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}
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}
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} finally {
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# Always delete plaintext hashes and compressed archive regardless of outcome.
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foreach ($f in @($exportPath, $compressedFilePath)) {
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if ($f -and (Test-Path $f)) {
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Remove-Item -Path $f -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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}
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}
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}
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Write-Host "Script execution completed."
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} finally {
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Stop-ExtractTranscript
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}
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