tomas.kracmar
80199ad7d6
Out-File defaults to UTF-16LE on Windows PowerShell 5.1 (Desktop) and UTF-8 on PowerShell 7 (Core), so the encoding of the transient plaintext hash export depended purely on which host happened to run the script - inconsistent with Test-WeakADPasswords.ps1/ Update-KHDB.ps1, which already pin this. Applied the same $PSDefaultParameterValues['Out-File:Encoding'] = 'utf8' pattern. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
416 lines
22 KiB
PowerShell
416 lines
22 KiB
PowerShell
##################################################
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## ____ ___ ____ _____ _ _ _____ _____ ##
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## / ___/ _ \| _ \| ____| | \ | | ____|_ _| ##
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## | | | | | | |_) | _| | \| | _| | | ##
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## | |__| |_| | _ <| |___ _| |\ | |___ | | ##
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## \____\__\_\_| \_\_____(_)_| \_|_____| |_| ##
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##################################################
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## Project: Elysium ##
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## File: Extract-NTHashes.ps1 ##
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## Version: 2.4.5 ##
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## Support: support@cqre.net ##
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##################################################
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<#
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#Requires -Modules DSInternals
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.SYNOPSIS
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Script for extracting NTLM hashes from live AD for further analysis.
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.DESCRIPTION
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This script will connect to selected domain (defined in ElysiumSettings.txt) using account with AD replication privileges and extract NTLM hashes from all active accounts. It will then compress and encrypt the resulting file, uploads it to designated Azure Storage account, checks for validity and then deletes everything. The hashes are extracted without usernames to minimise the sensitivity of the operation. Encryption is done with AES and passphrase that was defined in environment variable during first run.
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#>
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$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
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Set-StrictMode -Version Latest
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# Ensure consistent UTF-8 output for files across PS5.1/PS7 (Out-File defaults to UTF-16LE on
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# Desktop edition and UTF-8 on Core, so the plaintext hash export's encoding would otherwise
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# depend purely on which PowerShell host happens to run it).
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try {
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$PSDefaultParameterValues['Out-File:Encoding'] = 'utf8'
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$OutputEncoding = New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding($false)
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} catch { }
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$scriptRoot = $PSScriptRoot
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[string]$commonHelper = Join-Path -Path $PSScriptRoot -ChildPath 'Elysium.Common.ps1'
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $commonHelper)) { throw "Common helper not found at $commonHelper" }
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. $commonHelper
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Restart-WithWindowsPowerShellIfAvailable -BoundParameters $PSBoundParameters -UnboundArguments $MyInvocation.UnboundArguments
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function Start-ExtractTranscript {
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param([string]$BasePath)
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try {
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$logsDir = Join-Path -Path $BasePath -ChildPath 'Reports/logs'
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if (-not (Test-Path $logsDir)) { New-Item -Path $logsDir -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null }
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$ts = Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd-HHmmss'
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$logPath = Join-Path -Path $logsDir -ChildPath "extract-hashes-$ts.log"
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Start-Transcript -Path $logPath -Force | Out-Null
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "Could not start transcript: $($_.Exception.Message)"
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}
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}
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function Stop-ExtractTranscript { try { Stop-Transcript | Out-Null } catch {} }
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function Normalize-ReportPath([string]$p) {
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($p)) { return (Join-Path -Path $scriptRoot -ChildPath 'Reports') }
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if ([System.IO.Path]::IsPathRooted($p)) { return $p }
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return (Join-Path -Path $scriptRoot -ChildPath $p)
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}
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function Get-FileSha256Hex([string]$path) {
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$sha = [System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create()
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$fs = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($path)
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try { return ([BitConverter]::ToString($sha.ComputeHash($fs))).Replace('-', '').ToLowerInvariant() } finally { $fs.Close(); $sha.Dispose() }
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}
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function Invoke-S3PutFile([string]$endpointUrl, [string]$bucket, [string]$key, [string]$filePath, [string]$region, [string]$ak, [string]$sk, [bool]$forcePathStyle) {
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$uri = BuildS3Uri -endpointUrl $endpointUrl -bucket $bucket -key $key -forcePathStyle $forcePathStyle
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$payloadHash = Get-FileSha256Hex -path $filePath
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Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net.Http -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()
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try {
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$req = [System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage]::new([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Put, $uri)
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$stream = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($filePath)
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$req.Content = [System.Net.Http.StreamContent]::new($stream)
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$hdrs = BuildAuthHeaders -method 'PUT' -uri $uri -region $region -accessKey $ak -secretKey $sk -payloadHash $payloadHash
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-date', $hdrs['x-amz-date']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('Authorization', $hdrs['Authorization']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-content-sha256', $hdrs['x-amz-content-sha256']) | Out-Null
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$resp = $client.SendAsync($req).Result
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if (-not $resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw "S3 PUT failed: $([int]$resp.StatusCode) $($resp.ReasonPhrase)" }
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} finally { if ($req) { $req.Dispose() }; if ($stream) { $stream.Close(); $stream.Dispose() }; $client.Dispose() }
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}
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function Invoke-S3GetToFile([string]$endpointUrl, [string]$bucket, [string]$key, [string]$targetPath, [string]$region, [string]$ak, [string]$sk, [bool]$forcePathStyle) {
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$uri = BuildS3Uri -endpointUrl $endpointUrl -bucket $bucket -key $key -forcePathStyle $forcePathStyle
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$payloadHash = (Get-HashHex (Get-Bytes ''))
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Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net.Http -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()
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try {
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$req = [System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage]::new([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Get, $uri)
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$hdrs = BuildAuthHeaders -method 'GET' -uri $uri -region $region -accessKey $ak -secretKey $sk -payloadHash $payloadHash
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-date', $hdrs['x-amz-date']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('Authorization', $hdrs['Authorization']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-content-sha256', $hdrs['x-amz-content-sha256']) | Out-Null
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$resp = $client.SendAsync($req).Result
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if (-not $resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw "S3 GET failed: $([int]$resp.StatusCode) $($resp.ReasonPhrase)" }
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$bytes = $resp.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync().Result
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[System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes($targetPath, $bytes)
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} finally { if ($req) { $req.Dispose() }; $client.Dispose() }
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}
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function Invoke-S3DeleteFile([string]$endpointUrl, [string]$bucket, [string]$key, [string]$region, [string]$ak, [string]$sk, [bool]$forcePathStyle) {
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$uri = BuildS3Uri -endpointUrl $endpointUrl -bucket $bucket -key $key -forcePathStyle $forcePathStyle
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$payloadHash = (Get-HashHex (Get-Bytes ''))
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Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Net.Http -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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$client = [System.Net.Http.HttpClient]::new()
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try {
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$req = [System.Net.Http.HttpRequestMessage]::new([System.Net.Http.HttpMethod]::Delete, $uri)
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$hdrs = BuildAuthHeaders -method 'DELETE' -uri $uri -region $region -accessKey $ak -secretKey $sk -payloadHash $payloadHash
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-date', $hdrs['x-amz-date']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('Authorization', $hdrs['Authorization']) | Out-Null
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$req.Headers.TryAddWithoutValidation('x-amz-content-sha256', $hdrs['x-amz-content-sha256']) | Out-Null
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$resp = $client.SendAsync($req).Result
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# S3 DELETE is idempotent and returns 204 even if the key never existed; anything else is a real failure.
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if (-not $resp.IsSuccessStatusCode) { throw "S3 DELETE failed: $([int]$resp.StatusCode) $($resp.ReasonPhrase)" }
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} finally { if ($req) { $req.Dispose() }; $client.Dispose() }
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}
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function Protect-FileWithAES {
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param (
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$InputFile,
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$OutputFile,
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[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
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[string]$Passphrase
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)
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$rng = [System.Security.Cryptography.RandomNumberGenerator]::Create()
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$salt = New-Object byte[] 16
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$rng.GetBytes($salt)
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$kdf = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.Rfc2898DeriveBytes($Passphrase, $salt, 100000, [System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithmName]::SHA256)
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$key = $kdf.GetBytes(32)
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$aes = [System.Security.Cryptography.Aes]::Create()
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$aes.KeySize = 256
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$aes.BlockSize = 128
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$aes.Mode = [System.Security.Cryptography.CipherMode]::CBC
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$aes.Padding = [System.Security.Cryptography.PaddingMode]::PKCS7
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$aes.GenerateIV()
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$iv = $aes.IV
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$encryptor = $aes.CreateEncryptor($key, $iv)
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$fileStream = [System.IO.File]::Open($InputFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Read)
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$outFileStream = [System.IO.File]::Create($OutputFile)
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try {
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$magic = [System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes('ELY1')
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$outFileStream.Write($magic, 0, $magic.Length)
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$outFileStream.Write($salt, 0, $salt.Length)
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$outFileStream.Write($iv, 0, $iv.Length)
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$cryptoStream = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream($outFileStream, $encryptor, [System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStreamMode]::Write)
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try {
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$buffer = New-Object Byte[] 8192
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while (($read = $fileStream.Read($buffer, 0, $buffer.Length)) -gt 0) {
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$cryptoStream.Write($buffer, 0, $read)
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}
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} finally {
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$cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()
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$cryptoStream.Close()
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}
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} finally {
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$outFileStream.Close(); $fileStream.Close(); $aes.Dispose(); $rng.Dispose(); $kdf.Dispose()
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}
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Write-Host "File has been encrypted (PBKDF2+AES-256-CBC): $OutputFile"
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}
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function Get-FileChecksum {
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param (
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[string]$Path,
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[string]$Algorithm = "SHA256"
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)
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$hasher = [System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm]::Create($Algorithm)
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$stream = [System.IO.File]::OpenRead($Path)
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try {
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$hashBytes = $hasher.ComputeHash($stream)
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return [BitConverter]::ToString($hashBytes) -replace '-', ''
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} finally {
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$stream.Close()
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$hasher.Dispose()
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}
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}
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Start-ExtractTranscript -BasePath $scriptRoot
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try {
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Write-Host "Loading settings..."
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$ElysiumSettings = Read-ElysiumSettings -ScriptRoot $scriptRoot
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# Storage provider selection (Azure by default)
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$storageProvider = $ElysiumSettings['StorageProvider']
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($storageProvider)) { $storageProvider = 'Azure' }
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# Azure settings
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$storageAccountName = $ElysiumSettings['storageAccountName']
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$containerName = $ElysiumSettings['containerName']
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$sasToken = $ElysiumSettings['sasToken']
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# S3-compatible settings
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$s3EndpointUrl = $ElysiumSettings['s3EndpointUrl']
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$s3Region = $ElysiumSettings['s3Region']
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$s3BucketName = $ElysiumSettings['s3BucketName']
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$s3AccessKeyId = $ElysiumSettings['s3AccessKeyId']
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$s3SecretAccessKey = $ElysiumSettings['s3SecretAccessKey']
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$s3ForcePathStyle = $ElysiumSettings['s3ForcePathStyle']
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$s3UseAwsTools = $ElysiumSettings['s3UseAwsTools']
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3Region)) { $s3Region = 'us-east-1' }
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try { $s3ForcePathStyle = [System.Convert]::ToBoolean($s3ForcePathStyle) } catch { $s3ForcePathStyle = $true }
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try { $s3UseAwsTools = [System.Convert]::ToBoolean($s3UseAwsTools) } catch { $s3UseAwsTools = $false }
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# Retrieve the DPAPI-protected passphrase from a user environment variable (see Elysium.ps1)
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$protectedPassphrase = [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("ELYSIUM_PASSPHRASE", [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::User)
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($protectedPassphrase)) { throw 'Passphrase not found in ELYSIUM_PASSPHRASE environment variable. Run Elysium.ps1 once to set it.' }
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try {
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$securePassphrase = ConvertTo-SecureString -String $protectedPassphrase -ErrorAction Stop
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} catch {
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throw "ELYSIUM_PASSPHRASE is not in the expected DPAPI-protected format (leftover from an older Elysium version?). Re-run Elysium.ps1 to re-enter it."
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}
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$passphrase = [System.Net.NetworkCredential]::new('', $securePassphrase).Password
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$timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd-HHmmss"
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$reportBase = Normalize-ReportPath -p $ElysiumSettings['ReportPathBase']
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if (-not (Test-Path $reportBase)) { New-Item -Path $reportBase -ItemType Directory -Force | Out-Null }
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# Build domain details from settings (ordered to keep numeric index order)
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$DomainDetails = [ordered]@{}
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for ($i = 1; $ElysiumSettings.ContainsKey("Domain${i}Name"); $i++) {
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$DomainDetails["$i"] = @{
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Name = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}Name"]
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DC = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}DC"]
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DA = $ElysiumSettings["Domain${i}DA"]
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}
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}
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# User selects a domain
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Write-Host "Select a domain to extract NTLM hashes:"
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$DomainDetails.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object { [int]$_.Key } | ForEach-Object { Write-Host "$($_.Key): $($_.Value.Name)" }
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$selection = Read-Host "Enter the number of the domain"
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$selectedDomain = $DomainDetails[$selection]
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if (-not $selectedDomain) {
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throw "Invalid selection."
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}
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$domainController = $selectedDomain.DC
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# Validate credentials and replication permissions before attempting DCSync
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$hasADModule = $null -ne (Get-Module -Name ActiveDirectory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
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if (-not $hasADModule) {
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try { Import-Module ActiveDirectory -ErrorAction Stop; $hasADModule = $true } catch {}
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}
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if ($hasADModule) {
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$credential = Get-ValidatedADCredential -DomainName $selectedDomain.Name -Server $domainController
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try {
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$domainInfo = Get-ADDomain -Server $domainController -Credential $credential -ErrorAction Stop
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Test-ReplicationPermissions -DomainDN $domainInfo.DistinguishedName `
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-Server $domainController -Credential $credential
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} catch {
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throw $_.Exception.Message
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}
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} else {
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Write-Warning "ActiveDirectory module not available; skipping credential pre-check and replication permission verification."
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$credential = Get-Credential -Message "Enter AD credentials with replication rights for $($selectedDomain.Name)"
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if ($null -eq $credential) { throw "Credential prompt was cancelled." }
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}
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$domainPrefix = ($selectedDomain.Name -replace "\W", "_")
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$baseName = "${domainPrefix}_NTLM_Hashes_$timestamp"
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$blobName = "$baseName.enc"
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# Use a temp directory for all sensitive intermediate files so they are
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# never written to the installation directory and are always cleaned up.
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$tmpDir = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path ([System.IO.Path]::Combine(
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[System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath(), "elysium-extract-" + [System.Guid]::NewGuid())) -Force
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try {
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# Plaintext NTLM hashes land in this directory before AES protection is applied below.
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# Strip inherited ACEs (e.g. a broad "Users" grant on the parent Temp folder) so only the
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# current user can read it while the finally block's cleanup hasn't run yet.
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$dirAcl = $tmpDir.GetAccessControl()
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$dirAcl.SetAccessRuleProtection($true, $false)
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$currentUserRule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule(
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[System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().User,
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[System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemRights]::FullControl,
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'ContainerInherit,ObjectInherit', 'None', 'Allow')
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$dirAcl.AddAccessRule($currentUserRule)
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$tmpDir.SetAccessControl($dirAcl)
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "Could not restrict ACL on temporary directory '$($tmpDir.FullName)': $($_.Exception.Message)"
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}
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$exportPath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.txt"
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$compressedFilePath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.zip"
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$encryptedFilePath = Join-Path -Path $tmpDir.FullName -ChildPath "$baseName.enc"
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$tempDownloadPath = $null
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try {
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$ntlmHashes = Get-ADReplAccount -All -Server $domainController -Credential $credential |
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Where-Object { $_.NTHash } |
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ForEach-Object { [BitConverter]::ToString($_.NTHash).Replace("-", "") } |
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Sort-Object -Unique
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$ntlmHashes | Out-File -FilePath $exportPath
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Write-Host "NTLM hashes have been extracted to temporary file."
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Compress-Archive -Path $exportPath -DestinationPath $compressedFilePath
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Write-Host "File has been compressed."
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Protect-FileWithAES -InputFile $compressedFilePath -OutputFile $encryptedFilePath -Passphrase $passphrase
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$localFileChecksum = Get-FileChecksum -Path $encryptedFilePath
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if ($storageProvider -ieq 'S3') {
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3BucketName)) { throw 's3BucketName is missing in settings.' }
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3AccessKeyId) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3SecretAccessKey)) { throw 's3AccessKeyId / s3SecretAccessKey missing in settings.' }
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($s3EndpointUrl)) { throw 's3EndpointUrl is required for S3-compatible storage.' }
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$usedAwsTools = $false
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if ($s3UseAwsTools) {
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try {
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$s3Client = New-S3Client -EndpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -Region $s3Region -AccessKeyId $s3AccessKeyId -SecretAccessKey $s3SecretAccessKey -ForcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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$putReq = New-Object Amazon.S3.Model.PutObjectRequest -Property @{ BucketName = $s3BucketName; Key = $blobName; FilePath = $encryptedFilePath }
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$null = $s3Client.PutObject($putReq)
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to S3-compatible bucket (AWS Tools): $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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$getReq = New-Object Amazon.S3.Model.GetObjectRequest -Property @{ BucketName = $s3BucketName; Key = $blobName }
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$getResp = $s3Client.GetObject($getReq)
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$getResp.WriteResponseStreamToFile($tempDownloadPath, $true)
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$getResp.Dispose()
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$usedAwsTools = $true
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} catch {
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Write-Warning "AWS Tools path failed or not available. Falling back to native HTTP (SigV4). Details: $($_.Exception.Message)"
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$usedAwsTools = $false
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}
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}
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if (-not $usedAwsTools) {
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Invoke-S3PutFile -endpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -bucket $s3BucketName -key $blobName -filePath $encryptedFilePath -region $s3Region -ak $s3AccessKeyId -sk $s3SecretAccessKey -forcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to S3-compatible bucket: $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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Invoke-S3GetToFile -endpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -bucket $s3BucketName -key $blobName -targetPath $tempDownloadPath -region $s3Region -ak $s3AccessKeyId -sk $s3SecretAccessKey -forcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
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}
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} else {
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$sas = $sasToken
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if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($sas)) { throw 'sasToken is missing in settings.' }
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$sas = $sas.Trim(); if (-not $sas.StartsWith('?')) { $sas = '?' + $sas }
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try { Import-Module Az.Storage -ErrorAction Stop } catch {}
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$storageContext = New-AzStorageContext -StorageAccountName $storageAccountName -SasToken $sas
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$container = Get-AzStorageContainer -Name $containerName -Context $storageContext -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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if (-not $container) { throw "Azure container '$containerName' not found or access denied." }
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Set-AzStorageBlobContent -File $encryptedFilePath -Container $containerName -Blob $blobName -Context $storageContext | Out-Null
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Write-Host "Encrypted file uploaded to Azure Blob Storage: $blobName"
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$tempDownloadPath = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
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Get-AzStorageBlobContent -Blob $blobName -Container $containerName -Context $storageContext -Destination $tempDownloadPath -Force | Out-Null
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$downloadedFileChecksum = Get-FileChecksum -Path $tempDownloadPath
|
|
|
|
if ($localFileChecksum -eq $downloadedFileChecksum) {
|
|
Write-Host "The file was correctly uploaded. Checksum verified."
|
|
Remove-Item -Path $encryptedFilePath -Force
|
|
Remove-Item -Path $tempDownloadPath -Force
|
|
if ($storageProvider -ieq 'S3') {
|
|
Write-Host "Upload to S3-compatible storage completed and verified."
|
|
} else {
|
|
Write-Host "Upload to Azure Blob Storage completed and verified."
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
Write-Warning "Checksum verification failed. Encrypted file preserved for investigation: $encryptedFilePath"
|
|
if ($tempDownloadPath -and (Test-Path $tempDownloadPath)) {
|
|
Remove-Item -Path $tempDownloadPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# A checksum mismatch means the blob already sitting in remote storage under $blobName
|
|
# is corrupt/incomplete. Leaving it live under its normal name would let a downstream
|
|
# consumer silently fetch bad data, so remove it rather than only warning locally.
|
|
try {
|
|
if ($storageProvider -ieq 'S3') {
|
|
if ($usedAwsTools -and $s3Client) {
|
|
$delReq = New-Object Amazon.S3.Model.DeleteObjectRequest -Property @{ BucketName = $s3BucketName; Key = $blobName }
|
|
$null = $s3Client.DeleteObject($delReq)
|
|
} else {
|
|
Invoke-S3DeleteFile -endpointUrl $s3EndpointUrl -bucket $s3BucketName -key $blobName -region $s3Region -ak $s3AccessKeyId -sk $s3SecretAccessKey -forcePathStyle:$s3ForcePathStyle
|
|
}
|
|
} else {
|
|
Remove-AzStorageBlob -Blob $blobName -Container $containerName -Context $storageContext -Force -ErrorAction Stop
|
|
}
|
|
Write-Warning "Removed the mismatched blob '$blobName' from remote storage."
|
|
} catch {
|
|
Write-Warning "Could not remove the mismatched blob '$blobName' from remote storage - remove it manually: $($_.Exception.Message)"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
} finally {
|
|
# Always delete plaintext hashes and compressed archive regardless of outcome.
|
|
foreach ($f in @($exportPath, $compressedFilePath)) {
|
|
if ($f -and (Test-Path $f)) {
|
|
Remove-Item -Path $f -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Write-Host "Script execution completed."
|
|
} finally {
|
|
Stop-ExtractTranscript
|
|
}
|