feat: make turn_socket_path configurable, and cleanup tests and turnserver code.

this is originally motivated by https://github.com/chatmail/relay/pull/840

.github/workflows/ci-no-dns.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+name: No-DNS
+
+on:
+  # Triggers when a PR is merged into main or a direct push occurs
+  push:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+    
+  # Triggers for any PR (and its subsequent commits) targeting the main branch
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [ "main" ]
+
+permissions: {}
+
+# Newest push wins: Prevents multiple runs from clashing and wasting runner efforts
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number || github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+
+jobs:
+  no-dns:
+    name: LXC deploy and test
+    uses: chatmail/cmlxc/.github/workflows/lxc-test.yml@v0.14.6
+    with:
+      cmlxc_version: v0.14.6
+      cmlxc_commands: |
+        cmlxc init 
+        # single cmdeploy relay test
+        cmlxc -v deploy-cmdeploy --source ./repo --type ipv4 cm0
+        cmlxc -v test-cmdeploy cm0
+
+        # cross cmdeploy relay test (two ipv4 relays)
+        cmlxc -v deploy-cmdeploy --source ./repo --ipv4-only --type ipv4 cm1
+        cmlxc -v test-cmdeploy cm0 cm1
+
+        # cross cmdeploy/madmail relay tests
+        cmlxc -v deploy-madmail mad0
+        cmlxc -v test-cmdeploy cm0 mad0
+        cmlxc -v test-mini mad0 cm0
+        cmlxc -v test-mini cm0 mad0

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Run unit-tests and container-based deploy+test verification
+name: CI
 
 on:
   # Triggers when a PR is merged into main or a direct push occurs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: download filtermail
-        run: curl -L https://github.com/chatmail/filtermail/releases/download/v0.6.4/filtermail-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/filtermail && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/filtermail
+        run: curl -L https://github.com/chatmail/filtermail/releases/download/v0.6.6/filtermail-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/filtermail && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/filtermail
       - name: run chatmaild tests 
         working-directory: chatmaild
         run: pipx run tox
@@ -57,8 +57,9 @@ jobs:
 
   lxc-test:
     name: LXC deploy and test
-    uses: chatmail/cmlxc/.github/workflows/lxc-test.yml@v0.10.0
+    uses: chatmail/cmlxc/.github/workflows/lxc-test.yml@v0.14.6
     with:
+      cmlxc_version: v0.14.6
       cmlxc_commands: |
         cmlxc init 
         # single cmdeploy relay test
@@ -75,3 +76,4 @@ jobs:
         cmlxc -v test-cmdeploy cm0 mad0
         cmlxc -v test-mini cm0 mad0
         cmlxc -v test-mini mad0 cm0
+

chatmaild/pyproject.toml

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ dependencies = [
   "filelock",
   "requests",
   "crypt-r >= 3.13.1 ; python_version >= '3.11'",
+  "domain-validator",
 ]
 
 [tool.setuptools]
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ chatmail-expire = "chatmaild.expire:daily_expire_main"
 chatmail-quota-expire = "chatmaild.expire:quota_expire_main"
 chatmail-fsreport = "chatmaild.fsreport:main"
 lastlogin = "chatmaild.lastlogin:main"
-turnserver = "chatmaild.turnserver:main"
 
 [project.entry-points.pytest11]
 "chatmaild.testplugin" = "chatmaild.tests.plugin"

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/config.py

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+import ipaddress
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import iniconfig
+from domain_validator import DomainValidator
 
 from chatmaild.user import User
 
@@ -8,30 +10,39 @@ from chatmaild.user import User
 def read_config(inipath):
     assert Path(inipath).exists(), inipath
     cfg = iniconfig.IniConfig(inipath)
-    params = cfg.sections["params"]
+    return Config(inipath, params=cfg.sections["params"])
-    default_config_content = get_default_config_content(params["mail_domain"])
-    df_params = iniconfig.IniConfig("ini", data=default_config_content)["params"]
-    new_params = dict(df_params.items())
-    new_params.update(params)
-    return Config(inipath, params=new_params)
 
 
 class Config:
     def __init__(self, inipath, params):
         self._inipath = inipath
-        self.mail_domain = params["mail_domain"]
+        raw_domain = params["mail_domain"]
+        self.mail_domain_bare = raw_domain
+
+        if is_valid_ipv4(raw_domain):
+            self.ipv4_relay = raw_domain
+            self.mail_domain = f"[{raw_domain}]"
+            self.postfix_myhostname = ipaddress.IPv4Address(raw_domain).reverse_pointer
+        else:
+            DomainValidator().validate_domain_re(raw_domain)
+            self.ipv4_relay = None
+            self.mail_domain = raw_domain
+            self.postfix_myhostname = raw_domain
+
         self.max_user_send_per_minute = int(params.get("max_user_send_per_minute", 60))
         self.max_user_send_burst_size = int(params.get("max_user_send_burst_size", 10))
-        self.max_mailbox_size = params["max_mailbox_size"]
+        self.max_mailbox_size = params.get("max_mailbox_size", "500M")
-        self.max_message_size = int(params.get("max_message_size", "31457280"))
+        self.max_message_size = int(params.get("max_message_size", 31457280))
-        self.delete_mails_after = params["delete_mails_after"]
+        self.delete_mails_after = params.get("delete_mails_after", "20")
-        self.delete_large_after = params["delete_large_after"]
+        self.delete_large_after = params.get("delete_large_after", "7")
-        self.delete_inactive_users_after = int(params["delete_inactive_users_after"])
+        self.delete_inactive_users_after = int(
-        self.username_min_length = int(params["username_min_length"])
+            params.get("delete_inactive_users_after", 90)
-        self.username_max_length = int(params["username_max_length"])
+        )
-        self.password_min_length = int(params["password_min_length"])
+        self.username_min_length = int(params.get("username_min_length", 9))
-        self.passthrough_senders = params["passthrough_senders"].split()
+        self.username_max_length = int(params.get("username_max_length", 9))
-        self.passthrough_recipients = params["passthrough_recipients"].split()
+        self.password_min_length = int(params.get("password_min_length", 9))
+        self.passthrough_senders = params.get("passthrough_senders", "").split()
+        self.passthrough_recipients = params.get("passthrough_recipients", "").split()
         self.www_folder = params.get("www_folder", "")
         self.filtermail_smtp_port = int(params.get("filtermail_smtp_port", "10080"))
         self.filtermail_smtp_port_incoming = int(
@@ -52,8 +63,11 @@ class Config:
         self.acme_email = params.get("acme_email", "")
         self.imap_rawlog = params.get("imap_rawlog", "false").lower() == "true"
         self.imap_compress = params.get("imap_compress", "false").lower() == "true"
+        self.turn_socket_path = params.get(
+            "turn_socket_path", "/run/chatmail-turn/turn.socket"
+        )
         if "iroh_relay" not in params:
-            self.iroh_relay = "https://" + params["mail_domain"]
+            self.iroh_relay = "https://" + raw_domain
             self.enable_iroh_relay = True
         else:
             self.iroh_relay = params["iroh_relay"].strip()
@@ -79,17 +93,17 @@ class Config:
                 )
             self.tls_cert_mode = "external"
             self.tls_cert_path, self.tls_key_path = parts
-        elif self.mail_domain.startswith("_"):
+        elif raw_domain.startswith("_") or self.ipv4_relay:
             self.tls_cert_mode = "self"
             self.tls_cert_path = "/etc/ssl/certs/mailserver.pem"
             self.tls_key_path = "/etc/ssl/private/mailserver.key"
         else:
             self.tls_cert_mode = "acme"
-            self.tls_cert_path = f"/var/lib/acme/live/{self.mail_domain}/fullchain"
+            self.tls_cert_path = f"/var/lib/acme/live/{raw_domain}/fullchain"
-            self.tls_key_path = f"/var/lib/acme/live/{self.mail_domain}/privkey"
+            self.tls_key_path = f"/var/lib/acme/live/{raw_domain}/privkey"
 
         # deprecated option
-        mbdir = params.get("mailboxes_dir", f"/home/vmail/mail/{self.mail_domain}")
+        mbdir = params.get("mailboxes_dir", f"/home/vmail/mail/{raw_domain}")
         self.mailboxes_dir = Path(mbdir.strip())
 
         # old unused option (except for first migration from sqlite to maildir store)
@@ -150,28 +164,13 @@ def get_default_config_content(mail_domain, **overrides):
     for name, value in extra.items():
         new_line = f"{name} = {value}"
         new_lines.append(new_line)
+    return "\n".join(new_lines)
 
-    content = "\n".join(new_lines)
 
-    # apply testrun privacy overrides
+def is_valid_ipv4(address: str) -> bool:
-
+    """Check if a mail_domain is an IPv4 address."""
-    if mail_domain.endswith(".testrun.org"):
+    try:
-        override_inipath = inidir.joinpath("override-testrun.ini")
+        ipaddress.IPv4Address(address)
-        privacy = iniconfig.IniConfig(override_inipath)["privacy"]
+        return True
-        lines = []
+    except ValueError:
-        for line in content.split("\n"):
+        return False
-            for key, value in privacy.items():
-                value_lines = value.format(mail_domain=mail_domain).strip().split("\n")
-                if not line.startswith(f"{key} =") or not value_lines:
-                    continue
-                if len(value_lines) == 1:
-                    lines.append(f"{key} = {value}")
-                else:
-                    lines.append(f"{key} =")
-                    for vl in value_lines:
-                        lines.append(f"    {vl}")
-                break
-            else:
-                lines.append(line)
-        content = "\n".join(lines)
-    return content

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/ini/chatmail.ini.f

@@ -12,42 +12,42 @@ mail_domain = {mail_domain}
 #
 
 # email sending rate per user and minute
-max_user_send_per_minute = 60
+#max_user_send_per_minute = 60
 
 # per-user max burst size for sending rate limiting (GCRA bucket capacity)
-max_user_send_burst_size = 10
+#max_user_send_burst_size = 10
 
 # maximum mailbox size of a chatmail address
-# Oldest messages will be removed automatically, so mailboxes never run full.
+# (Oldest messages will be removed automatically, so mailboxes never run full)
-max_mailbox_size = 500M
+#max_mailbox_size = 500M
 
 # maximum message size for an e-mail in bytes
-max_message_size = 31457280
+#max_message_size = 31457280
 
 # days after which mails are unconditionally deleted
-delete_mails_after = 20
+#delete_mails_after = 20
 
 # days after which large messages (>200k) are unconditionally deleted
-delete_large_after = 7
+#delete_large_after = 7
 
 # days after which users without a successful login are deleted (database and mails)
-delete_inactive_users_after = 90
+#delete_inactive_users_after = 90
 
 # minimum length a username must have
-username_min_length = 9
+#username_min_length = 9
 
 # maximum length a username can have
-username_max_length = 9
+#username_max_length = 9
 
 # minimum length a password must have
-password_min_length = 9
+#password_min_length = 9
 
 # list of chatmail addresses which can send outbound un-encrypted mail
-passthrough_senders =
+#passthrough_senders =
 
 # list of e-mail recipients for which to accept outbound un-encrypted mails
 # (space-separated, item may start with "@" to whitelist whole recipient domains)
-passthrough_recipients =
+#passthrough_recipients =
 
 # Use externally managed TLS certificates instead of built-in acmetool.
 # Paths refer to files on the deployment server (not the build machine).
@@ -63,19 +63,11 @@ passthrough_recipients =
 # Deployment Details
 #
 
-# SMTP outgoing filtermail and reinjection 
-filtermail_smtp_port = 10080
-postfix_reinject_port = 10025
-
-# SMTP incoming filtermail and reinjection 
-filtermail_smtp_port_incoming = 10081
-postfix_reinject_port_incoming = 10026
-
 # if set to "True" IPv6 is disabled
-disable_ipv6 = False
+#disable_ipv6 = False
 
 # Your email adress, which will be used in acmetool to manage Let's Encrypt SSL certificates
-acme_email = 
+#acme_email =
 
 # Defaults to https://iroh.{{mail_domain}} and running `iroh-relay` on the chatmail
 # service.
@@ -108,13 +100,13 @@ acme_email =
 # in per-maildir ".in/.out" files. 
 # Note that you need to manually cleanup these files
 # so use this option with caution on production servers. 
-imap_rawlog = false 
+#imap_rawlog = false
 
 # set to true if you want to enable the IMAP COMPRESS Extension,
 # which allows IMAP connections to be efficiently compressed.
 # WARNING: Enabling this makes it impossible to hibernate IMAP
 # processes which will result in much higher memory/RAM usage.
-imap_compress = false
+#imap_compress = false
 
 
 #

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/ini/override-testrun.ini

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-[privacy]
-
-passthrough_recipients = privacy@testrun.org echo@{mail_domain}
-
-privacy_postal =
-    Merlinux GmbH, Represented by the managing director H. Krekel,
-    Reichgrafen Str. 20, 79102 Freiburg, Germany
-
-privacy_mail = privacy@testrun.org
-privacy_pdo =
-    Prof. Dr. Fabian Schmieder, lexICT UG (limited), Ostfeldstr. 49, 30559 Hannover.
-    You can contact him at *delta-privacy@merlinux.eu* (Keyword: DPO)
-privacy_supervisor =
-    State Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information of
-    Baden-Württemberg in 70173 Stuttgart, Germany.

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/metadata.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import logging
+import socket
 import sys
 import time
 from contextlib import contextmanager
@@ -7,7 +8,14 @@ from .config import read_config
 from .dictproxy import DictProxy
 from .filedict import FileDict
 from .notifier import Notifier
-from .turnserver import turn_credentials
+
+
+def turn_credentials(turn_socket_path):
+    with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as client_socket:
+        client_socket.settimeout(5)
+        client_socket.connect(turn_socket_path)
+        with client_socket.makefile("rb") as file:
+            return file.readline().decode("utf-8").strip()
 
 
 def _is_valid_token_timestamp(timestamp, now):
@@ -70,44 +78,53 @@ class Metadata:
                 # Some tokens have expired, remove them.
                 with self._modify_tokens(addr) as _tokens:
                     pass
+        elif isinstance(tokens, list):
+            with self._modify_tokens(addr) as tokens:
+                token_list = list(tokens.keys())
         else:
             token_list = []
         return token_list
 
 
 class MetadataDictProxy(DictProxy):
-    def __init__(self, notifier, metadata, iroh_relay=None, turn_hostname=None):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        notifier,
+        metadata,
+        iroh_relay=None,
+        turn_hostname=None,
+        turn_socket_path=None,
+    ):
         super().__init__()
         self.notifier = notifier
         self.metadata = metadata
         self.iroh_relay = iroh_relay
         self.turn_hostname = turn_hostname
+        self.turn_socket_path = turn_socket_path
 
     def handle_lookup(self, parts):
         # Lpriv/43f5f508a7ea0366dff30200c15250e3/devicetoken\tlkj123poi@c2.testrun.org
-        keyparts = parts[0].split("/", 2)
+        match parts[0].split("/", 2):
-        if keyparts[0] == "priv":
+            case ["priv", _, keyname] if keyname == self.metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY:
-            keyname = keyparts[2]
+                addr = parts[1]
-            addr = parts[1]
-            if keyname == self.metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY:
                 res = " ".join(self.metadata.get_tokens_for_addr(addr))
                 return f"O{res}\n"
-        elif keyparts[0] == "shared":
+            case ["shared", _, keyname]:
-            keyname = keyparts[2]
+                prefix = "vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/vendor/deltachat/"
-            if (
+                if keyname.startswith(prefix):
-                keyname == "vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/vendor/deltachat/irohrelay"
+                    match keyname[len(prefix) :]:
-                and self.iroh_relay
+                        case "irohrelay" if self.iroh_relay:
-            ):
+                            return f"O{self.iroh_relay}\n"
-                # Handle `GETMETADATA "" /shared/vendor/deltachat/irohrelay`
+                        case "turn":
-                return f"O{self.iroh_relay}\n"
+                            try:
-            elif keyname == "vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/vendor/deltachat/turn":
+                                res = turn_credentials(self.turn_socket_path)
-                try:
+                            except Exception:
-                    res = turn_credentials()
+                                logging.exception("failed to get TURN credentials")
-                except Exception:
+                                return "N\n"
-                    logging.exception("failed to get TURN credentials")
+                            return f"O{self.turn_hostname}:3478:{res}\n"
-                    return "N\n"
+                        case "maxsmtprecipients":
-                port = 3478
+                            # postfix default  (see "postconf smtpd_recipient_limit")
-                return f"O{self.turn_hostname}:{port}:{res}\n"
+                            return "O1000\n"
 
         logging.warning(f"lookup ignored: {parts!r}")
         return "N\n"
@@ -117,12 +134,13 @@ class MetadataDictProxy(DictProxy):
         # https://github.com/dovecot/core/blob/main/src/lib-storage/mailbox-attribute.h
         keyname = parts[1].split("/")
         value = parts[2] if len(parts) > 2 else ""
-        if keyname[0] == "priv" and keyname[2] == self.metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY:
+        match keyname:
-            self.metadata.add_token_to_addr(addr, value)
+            case ["priv", _, key] if key == self.metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY:
-            return True
+                self.metadata.add_token_to_addr(addr, value)
-        elif keyname[0] == "priv" and keyname[2] == "messagenew":
+                return True
-            self.notifier.new_message_for_addr(addr, self.metadata)
+            case ["priv", _, "messagenew"]:
-            return True
+                self.notifier.new_message_for_addr(addr, self.metadata)
+                return True
 
         return False
 
@@ -133,6 +151,7 @@ def main():
     config = read_config(config_path)
     iroh_relay = config.iroh_relay
     mail_domain = config.mail_domain
+    socket_path = config.turn_socket_path
 
     vmail_dir = config.mailboxes_dir
     if not vmail_dir.exists():
@@ -150,6 +169,7 @@ def main():
         metadata=metadata,
         iroh_relay=iroh_relay,
         turn_hostname=mail_domain,
+        turn_socket_path=socket_path,
     )
 
     dictproxy.serve_forever_from_socket(socket)

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/newemail.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 """CGI script for creating new accounts."""
 
-import ipaddress
 import json
 import secrets
 import string
@@ -15,16 +14,6 @@ ALPHANUMERIC = string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits
 ALPHANUMERIC_PUNCT = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
 
 
-def wrap_ip(host):
-    if host.startswith("[") and host.endswith("]"):
-        return host
-    try:
-        ipaddress.ip_address(host)
-        return f"[{host}]"
-    except ValueError:
-        return host
-
-
 def create_newemail_dict(config: Config):
     user = "".join(
         secrets.choice(ALPHANUMERIC) for _ in range(config.username_max_length)
@@ -33,16 +22,22 @@ def create_newemail_dict(config: Config):
         secrets.choice(ALPHANUMERIC_PUNCT)
         for _ in range(config.password_min_length + 3)
     )
-    return dict(email=f"{user}@{wrap_ip(config.mail_domain)}", password=f"{password}")
+    return dict(email=f"{user}@{config.mail_domain}", password=f"{password}")
 
 
-def create_dclogin_url(email, password):
+def create_dclogin_url(config, email, password):
     """Build a dclogin: URL with credentials and self-signed cert acceptance.
 
     Uses ic=3 (AcceptInvalidCertificates) so chatmail clients
     can connect to servers with self-signed TLS certificates.
     """
-    return f"dclogin:{quote(email, safe='@')}?p={quote(password, safe='')}&v=1&ic=3"
+    if config.ipv4_relay:
+        imap_host = "&ih=" + config.ipv4_relay
+        smtp_host = "&sh=" + config.ipv4_relay
+    else:
+        imap_host = ""
+        smtp_host = ""
+    return f"dclogin:{quote(email, safe='@[]')}?p={quote(password, safe='')}&v=1{imap_host}{smtp_host}&ic=3"
 
 
 def print_new_account():
@@ -51,7 +46,9 @@ def print_new_account():
 
     result = dict(email=creds["email"], password=creds["password"])
     if config.tls_cert_mode == "self":
-        result["dclogin_url"] = create_dclogin_url(creds["email"], creds["password"])
+        result["dclogin_url"] = create_dclogin_url(
+            config, creds["email"], creds["password"]
+        )
 
     print("Content-Type: application/json")
     print("")

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/plugin.py

@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ def example_config(make_config):
     return make_config("chat.example.org")
 
 
+@pytest.fixture
+def ipv4_config(make_config):
+    return make_config("1.3.3.7")
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def maildomain(example_config):
     return example_config.mail_domain

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_config.py

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 import pytest
 
-from chatmaild.config import parse_size_mb, read_config
+from chatmaild.config import (
+    is_valid_ipv4,
+    parse_size_mb,
+    read_config,
+)
 
 
 def test_read_config_basic(example_config):
@@ -9,10 +13,21 @@ def test_read_config_basic(example_config):
     assert not example_config.privacy_pdo and not example_config.privacy_postal
 
     inipath = example_config._inipath
-    inipath.write_text(inipath.read_text().replace("60", "37"))
+    inipath.write_text(
+        inipath.read_text().replace(
+            "#max_user_send_per_minute = 60",
+            "max_user_send_per_minute = 37",
+        )
+    )
     example_config = read_config(inipath)
     assert example_config.max_user_send_per_minute == 37
     assert example_config.mail_domain == "chat.example.org"
+    assert example_config.ipv4_relay is None
+
+
+def test_read_config_ipv4(ipv4_config):
+    assert ipv4_config.ipv4_relay == "1.3.3.7"
+    assert ipv4_config.mail_domain == "[1.3.3.7]"
 
 
 def test_read_config_basic_using_defaults(tmp_path, maildomain):
@@ -21,26 +36,17 @@ def test_read_config_basic_using_defaults(tmp_path, maildomain):
     example_config = read_config(inipath)
     assert example_config.max_user_send_per_minute == 60
     assert example_config.filtermail_smtp_port_incoming == 10081
-
+    assert example_config.filtermail_smtp_port == 10080
-
+    assert example_config.postfix_reinject_port == 10025
-def test_read_config_testrun(make_config):
+    assert example_config.max_user_send_per_minute == 60
-    config = make_config("something.testrun.org")
+    assert example_config.max_mailbox_size == "500M"
-    assert config.mail_domain == "something.testrun.org"
+    assert example_config.delete_mails_after == "20"
-    assert len(config.privacy_postal.split("\n")) > 1
+    assert example_config.delete_large_after == "7"
-    assert len(config.privacy_supervisor.split("\n")) > 1
+    assert example_config.username_min_length == 9
-    assert len(config.privacy_pdo.split("\n")) > 1
+    assert example_config.username_max_length == 9
-    assert config.privacy_mail == "privacy@testrun.org"
+    assert example_config.password_min_length == 9
-    assert config.filtermail_smtp_port == 10080
+    assert example_config.passthrough_recipients == []
-    assert config.postfix_reinject_port == 10025
+    assert example_config.passthrough_senders == []
-    assert config.max_user_send_per_minute == 60
-    assert config.max_mailbox_size == "500M"
-    assert config.delete_mails_after == "20"
-    assert config.delete_large_after == "7"
-    assert config.username_min_length == 9
-    assert config.username_max_length == 9
-    assert config.password_min_length == 9
-    assert "privacy@testrun.org" in config.passthrough_recipients
-    assert config.passthrough_senders == []
 
 
 def test_config_userstate_paths(make_config, tmp_path):
@@ -135,3 +141,17 @@ def test_max_mailbox_size_mb(make_config):
     config = make_config("chat.example.org")
     assert config.max_mailbox_size == "500M"
     assert config.max_mailbox_size_mb == 500
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ["input", "result"],
+    [
+        ("example.org", False),
+        ("1.3.3.7", True),
+        ("fe::1", False),
+        ("ad.1e.dag.adf", False),
+        ("12394142", False),
+    ],
+)
+def test_is_valid_ipv4(input, result):
+    assert result == is_valid_ipv4(input)

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_metadata.py

@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ def test_turn_credentials_exception_returns_N(notifier, metadata, monkeypatch):
         turn_hostname="turn.example.org",
     )
 
-    def mock_turn_credentials():
+    def mock_turn_credentials(turn_socket_path):
         raise ConnectionRefusedError("socket not available")
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(chatmaild.metadata, "turn_credentials", mock_turn_credentials)
@@ -348,7 +348,9 @@ def test_turn_credentials_success(notifier, metadata, monkeypatch):
         turn_hostname="turn.example.org",
     )
 
-    monkeypatch.setattr(chatmaild.metadata, "turn_credentials", lambda: "user:pass")
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        chatmaild.metadata, "turn_credentials", lambda path: "user:pass"
+    )
 
     transactions = {}
     res = dictproxy.handle_dovecot_request(
@@ -360,15 +362,39 @@ def test_turn_credentials_success(notifier, metadata, monkeypatch):
 
 
 def test_iroh_relay(dictproxy):
-    rfile = io.BytesIO(
+    key = b"Lshared/0123/vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/vendor/deltachat/irohrelay\tuser@example.org"
-        b"\n".join(
+    rfile, wfile = io.BytesIO(b"H\n" + key), io.BytesIO()
-            [
-                b"H",
-                b"Lshared/0123/vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/vendor/deltachat/irohrelay\tuser@example.org",
-            ]
-        )
-    )
-    wfile = io.BytesIO()
     dictproxy.iroh_relay = "https://example.org/"
     dictproxy.loop_forever(rfile, wfile)
     assert wfile.getvalue() == b"Ohttps://example.org/\n"
+
+
+def test_legacy_token_migration(metadata, testaddr):
+    with metadata.get_metadata_dict(testaddr).modify() as data:
+        data[metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY] = ["oldtoken1", "oldtoken2"]
+
+    assert metadata.get_tokens_for_addr(testaddr) == ["oldtoken1", "oldtoken2"]
+    mdict = metadata.get_metadata_dict(testaddr).read()
+    tokens = mdict[metadata.DEVICETOKEN_KEY]
+    assert isinstance(tokens, dict)
+    assert "oldtoken1" in tokens and "oldtoken2" in tokens
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "suffix, expected",
+    [
+        (b"vendor/deltachat/maxsmtprecipients", b"O1000\n"),
+        (b"wrong/prefix/key", b"N\n"),
+        (b"vendor/deltachat/unknown", b"N\n"),
+    ],
+    ids=["maxsmtprecipients", "prefix_mismatch", "unknown_name"],
+)
+def test_shared_lookup(dictproxy, suffix, expected):
+    key = (
+        b"Lshared/0123/vendor/vendor.dovecot/pvt/server/"
+        + suffix
+        + b"\tuser@example.org"
+    )
+    rfile, wfile = io.BytesIO(b"H\n" + key), io.BytesIO()
+    dictproxy.loop_forever(rfile, wfile)
+    assert wfile.getvalue() == expected

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_migrate_db.py

@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ def test_migration(tmp_path, example_config, caplog):
     assert passdb_path.stat().st_size > 10000
 
     example_config.passdb_path = passdb_path
+    # ensure logging.info records are captured regardless of global configuration
+    caplog.set_level("INFO")
 
     assert not caplog.records
 

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_newmail.py

@@ -19,24 +19,35 @@ def test_create_newemail_dict(example_config):
     assert ac1["password"] != ac2["password"]
 
 
-def test_create_newemail_dict_ip(make_config):
+def test_create_newemail_dict_ip(ipv4_config):
-    config = make_config("1.2.3.4")
+    ac = create_newemail_dict(ipv4_config)
-    ac = create_newemail_dict(config)
+    assert ac["email"].endswith("@[1.3.3.7]")
-    assert ac["email"].endswith("@[1.2.3.4]")
 
 
-def test_create_dclogin_url():
+def test_create_dclogin_url(example_config):
-    url = create_dclogin_url("user@example.org", "p@ss w+rd")
+    addr = "user@example.org"
+    password = "p@ss w+rd"
+    url = create_dclogin_url(example_config, addr, password)
     assert url.startswith("dclogin:")
     assert "v=1" in url
     assert "ic=3" in url
 
-    assert "user@example.org" in url
+    assert addr in url
     # password special chars must be encoded
     assert "p%40ss" in url
     assert "w%2Brd" in url
 
 
+def test_create_dclogin_url_ipv4(ipv4_config):
+    addr = "user@[1.3.3.7]"
+    password = "p@ss w+rd"
+    url = create_dclogin_url(ipv4_config, addr, password)
+    assert url.startswith("dclogin:")
+    assert "v=1" in url
+    assert "ic=3" in url
+    assert addr in url
+
+
 def test_print_new_account(capsys, monkeypatch, maildomain, tmpdir, example_config):
     monkeypatch.setattr(chatmaild.newemail, "CONFIG_PATH", str(example_config._inipath))
     print_new_account()

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_turn.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+import socket
+import threading
+
+import pytest
+
+from chatmaild.metadata import turn_credentials
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def turn_socket(tmp_path):
+    sock_path = str(tmp_path / "turn.socket")
+    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    server.bind(sock_path)
+    server.listen(1)
+    yield sock_path, server
+    server.close()
+
+
+def test_turn_credentials_timeout(turn_socket):
+    sock_path, server = turn_socket
+    with pytest.raises(socket.timeout):
+        # Inside turn_credentials the kernel listen backlog (1)
+        # completes connect() without accept()
+        # so the client blocks on readline() until the 5s timeout fires.
+        turn_credentials(sock_path)
+
+
+def test_turn_credentials_connection_refused_on_not_existing_socket(tmp_path):
+    missing = str(tmp_path / "nonexistent.socket")
+    with pytest.raises((ConnectionRefusedError, FileNotFoundError)):
+        turn_credentials(missing)
+
+
+def test_turn_credentials_socket_success(turn_socket):
+    sock_path, server = turn_socket
+
+    def respond():
+        conn, _ = server.accept()
+        conn.sendall(b"testuser:testpass\n")
+        conn.close()
+
+    t = threading.Thread(target=respond, daemon=True)
+    t.start()
+
+    result = turn_credentials(sock_path)
+    assert result == "testuser:testpass"

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/tests/test_turnserver.py

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-import socket
-import threading
-import time
-from unittest.mock import patch
-
-import pytest
-
-from chatmaild.turnserver import turn_credentials
-
-SOCKET_PATH = "/run/chatmail-turn/turn.socket"
-
-
-@pytest.fixture
-def turn_socket(tmp_path):
-    """Create a real Unix socket server at a temp path."""
-    sock_path = str(tmp_path / "turn.socket")
-    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    server.bind(sock_path)
-    server.listen(1)
-    yield sock_path, server
-    server.close()
-
-
-def _call_turn_credentials(sock_path):
-    """Call turn_credentials but connect to sock_path instead of hardcoded path."""
-    original_connect = socket.socket.connect
-
-    def patched_connect(self, address):
-        if address == SOCKET_PATH:
-            address = sock_path
-        return original_connect(self, address)
-
-    with patch.object(socket.socket, "connect", patched_connect):
-        return turn_credentials()
-
-
-def test_turn_credentials_timeout(turn_socket):
-    """Server accepts but never responds — must raise socket.timeout."""
-    sock_path, server = turn_socket
-
-    def accept_and_hang():
-        conn, _ = server.accept()
-        time.sleep(30)
-        conn.close()
-
-    t = threading.Thread(target=accept_and_hang, daemon=True)
-    t.start()
-
-    with pytest.raises(socket.timeout):
-        _call_turn_credentials(sock_path)
-
-
-def test_turn_credentials_connection_refused(tmp_path):
-    """Socket file doesn't exist — must raise ConnectionRefusedError or FileNotFoundError."""
-    missing = str(tmp_path / "nonexistent.socket")
-    with pytest.raises((ConnectionRefusedError, FileNotFoundError)):
-        _call_turn_credentials(missing)
-
-
-def test_turn_credentials_success(turn_socket):
-    """Server responds with credentials — must return stripped string."""
-    sock_path, server = turn_socket
-
-    def respond():
-        conn, _ = server.accept()
-        conn.sendall(b"testuser:testpass\n")
-        conn.close()
-
-    t = threading.Thread(target=respond, daemon=True)
-    t.start()
-
-    result = _call_turn_credentials(sock_path)
-    assert result == "testuser:testpass"

chatmaild/src/chatmaild/turnserver.py

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-import socket
-
-
-def turn_credentials() -> str:
-    with socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as client_socket:
-        client_socket.settimeout(5)
-        client_socket.connect("/run/chatmail-turn/turn.socket")
-        with client_socket.makefile("rb") as file:
-            return file.readline().decode("utf-8").strip()

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/acmetool/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-import importlib.resources
+from pyinfra.operations import apt, server
-
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server, systemd
 
 from ..basedeploy import Deployer
 
@@ -9,9 +7,6 @@ class AcmetoolDeployer(Deployer):
     def __init__(self, email, domains):
         self.domains = domains
         self.email = email
-        self.need_restart_redirector = False
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_service = False
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_timer = False
 
     def install(self):
         apt.packages(
@@ -19,121 +14,41 @@ class AcmetoolDeployer(Deployer):
             packages=["acmetool"],
         )
 
-        files.file(
+        self.remove_file("/etc/cron.d/acmetool")
-            name="Remove old acmetool cronjob, it is replaced with systemd timer.",
-            path="/etc/cron.d/acmetool",
-            present=False,
-        )
 
-        files.put(
+        self.put_executable("acmetool/acmetool.hook", "/etc/acme/hooks/nginx")
-            name="Install acmetool hook.",
+        self.remove_file("/usr/lib/acme/hooks/nginx")
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__)
-            .joinpath("acmetool.hook")
-            .open("rb"),
-            dest="/etc/acme/hooks/nginx",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="755",
-        )
-        files.file(
-            name="Remove acmetool hook from the wrong location where it was previously installed.",
-            path="/usr/lib/acme/hooks/nginx",
-            present=False,
-        )
 
     def configure(self):
-        files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath(
+            "acmetool/response-file.yaml.j2",
-                "response-file.yaml.j2"
+            "/var/lib/acme/conf/responses",
-            ),
-            dest="/var/lib/acme/conf/responses",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             email=self.email,
         )
 
-        files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath("target.yaml.j2"),
+            "acmetool/target.yaml.j2",
-            dest="/var/lib/acme/conf/target",
+            "/var/lib/acme/conf/target",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
 
         server.shell(
             name=f"Remove old acmetool desired files for {self.domains[0]}",
             commands=[f"rm -f /var/lib/acme/desired/{self.domains[0]}-*"],
         )
-        files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath("desired.yaml.j2"),
+            "acmetool/desired.yaml.j2",
-            dest=f"/var/lib/acme/desired/{self.domains[0]}",  # 0 is mailhost TLD
+            f"/var/lib/acme/desired/{self.domains[0]}",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             domains=self.domains,
         )
 
-        service_file = files.put(
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit("acmetool/acmetool-redirector.service")
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath(
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit("acmetool/acmetool-reconcile.service")
-                "acmetool-redirector.service"
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit("acmetool/acmetool-reconcile.timer")
-            ),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/acmetool-redirector.service",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart_redirector = service_file.changed
-
-        reconcile_service_file = files.put(
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath(
-                "acmetool-reconcile.service"
-            ),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/acmetool-reconcile.service",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_service = reconcile_service_file.changed
-
-        reconcile_timer_file = files.put(
-            src=importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath(
-                "acmetool-reconcile.timer"
-            ),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/acmetool-reconcile.timer",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_timer = reconcile_timer_file.changed
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("acmetool-redirector.service")
-            name="Setup acmetool-redirector service",
+        self.ensure_service("acmetool-reconcile.service", running=False, enabled=False)
-            service="acmetool-redirector.service",
+        self.ensure_service("acmetool-reconcile.timer")
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            restarted=self.need_restart_redirector,
-        )
-        self.need_restart_redirector = False
-
-        systemd.service(
-            name="Setup acmetool-reconcile service",
-            service="acmetool-reconcile.service",
-            running=False,
-            enabled=False,
-            daemon_reload=self.need_restart_reconcile_service,
-        )
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_service = False
-
-        systemd.service(
-            name="Setup acmetool-reconcile timer",
-            service="acmetool-reconcile.timer",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            daemon_reload=self.need_restart_reconcile_timer,
-        )
-        self.need_restart_reconcile_timer = False
 
         server.shell(
             name=f"Reconcile certificates for: {', '.join(self.domains)}",

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/basedeploy.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import os
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 
 from pyinfra import host
+from pyinfra.facts.files import Sha256File
 from pyinfra.facts.server import Command
 from pyinfra.operations import files, server, systemd
 
@@ -50,11 +51,10 @@ def get_resource(arg, pkg=__package__):
     return importlib.resources.files(pkg).joinpath(arg)
 
 
-def configure_remote_units(mail_domain, units) -> None:
+def configure_remote_units(deployer, mail_domain, units) -> None:
     remote_base_dir = "/usr/local/lib/chatmaild"
     remote_venv_dir = f"{remote_base_dir}/venv"
     remote_chatmail_inipath = f"{remote_base_dir}/chatmail.ini"
-    root_owned = dict(user="root", group="root", mode="644")
 
     # install systemd units
     for fn in units:
@@ -70,15 +70,13 @@ def configure_remote_units(mail_domain, units) -> None:
         source_path = get_resource(f"service/{basename}.f")
         content = source_path.read_text().format(**params).encode()
 
-        files.put(
+        deployer.put_file(
-            name=f"Upload {basename}",
             src=io.BytesIO(content),
             dest=f"/etc/systemd/system/{basename}",
-            **root_owned,
         )
 
 
-def activate_remote_units(units) -> None:
+def activate_remote_units(deployer, units) -> None:
     # activate systemd units
     for fn in units:
         basename = fn if "." in fn else f"{fn}.service"
@@ -88,14 +86,8 @@ def activate_remote_units(units) -> None:
             enabled = False
         else:
             enabled = True
-        systemd.service(
+
-            name=f"Setup {basename}",
+        deployer.ensure_service(basename, running=enabled, enabled=enabled)
-            service=basename,
-            running=enabled,
-            enabled=enabled,
-            restarted=enabled,
-            daemon_reload=True,
-        )
 
 
 class Deployment:
@@ -141,6 +133,7 @@ class Deployment:
 
 class Deployer:
     need_restart = False
+    daemon_reload = False
 
     def install(self):
         pass
@@ -150,3 +143,113 @@ class Deployer:
 
     def activate(self):
         pass
+
+    def ensure_service(self, service, running=True, enabled=True):
+        if running:
+            verb = "Start and enable"
+        else:
+            verb = "Stop"
+        systemd.service(
+            name=f"{verb} {service}",
+            service=service,
+            running=running,
+            enabled=enabled,
+            restarted=self.need_restart if running else False,
+            daemon_reload=self.daemon_reload,
+        )
+        self.daemon_reload = False
+
+    def ensure_systemd_unit(self, src, **kwargs):
+        dest_name = src.split("/")[-1].replace(".j2", "")
+        dest = f"/etc/systemd/system/{dest_name}"
+        if src.endswith(".j2"):
+            return self.put_template(src, dest, **kwargs)
+        return self.put_file(src, dest)
+
+    def put_file(self, src, dest, mode="644"):
+        if isinstance(src, str):
+            src = get_resource(src)
+        res = files.put(
+            name=f"Upload {dest}",
+            src=src,
+            dest=dest,
+            user="root",
+            group="root",
+            mode=mode,
+        )
+
+        return self._update_restart_signals(dest, res)
+
+    def put_executable(self, src, dest):
+        return self.put_file(src, dest, mode="755")
+
+    def put_template(self, src, dest, owner="root", **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(src, str):
+            src = get_resource(src)
+        res = files.template(
+            name=f"Upload {dest}",
+            src=src,
+            dest=dest,
+            user=owner,
+            group=owner,
+            mode="644",
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+        return self._update_restart_signals(dest, res)
+
+    def remove_file(self, dest):
+        res = files.file(name=f"Remove {dest}", path=dest, present=False)
+        return self._update_restart_signals(dest, res)
+
+    def ensure_line(self, path, line, **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", f"Ensure line in {path}")
+        res = files.line(name=name, path=path, line=line, **kwargs)
+        return self._update_restart_signals(path, res)
+
+    def ensure_directory(self, path, owner="root", mode="755", **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", f"Ensure directory {path}")
+        res = files.directory(
+            name=name,
+            path=path,
+            user=owner,
+            group=owner,
+            mode=mode,
+            present=True,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+        return self._update_restart_signals(path, res)
+
+    def remove_directory(self, path, **kwargs):
+        name = kwargs.pop("name", f"Remove directory {path}")
+        res = files.directory(name=name, path=path, present=False, **kwargs)
+        return self._update_restart_signals(path, res)
+
+    def download_executable(self, url, dest, sha256sum, extract=None):
+        existing = host.get_fact(Sha256File, dest)
+        if existing == sha256sum:
+            return
+
+        tmp = f"{dest}.new"
+        if extract:
+            dl_cmd = f"curl -fSL {url} | {extract} >{tmp}"
+        else:
+            dl_cmd = f"curl -fSL {url} -o {tmp}"
+
+        server.shell(
+            name=f"Download {dest}",
+            commands=[
+                f"({dl_cmd}"
+                f" && echo '{sha256sum}  {tmp}' | sha256sum -c"
+                f" && mv {tmp} {dest})",
+                f"chmod 755 {dest}",
+            ],
+        )
+        self.need_restart = True
+
+    def _update_restart_signals(self, path, res):
+        if res.changed:
+            self.need_restart = True
+            if str(path).startswith("/etc/systemd/system/"):
+                self.daemon_reload = True
+        return res

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/cmdeploy.py

@@ -87,10 +87,12 @@ def run_cmd_options(parser):
 def run_cmd(args, out):
     """Deploy chatmail services on the remote server."""
 
-    ssh_host = args.ssh_host if args.ssh_host else args.config.mail_domain
+    ssh_host = args.ssh_host if args.ssh_host else args.config.mail_domain_bare
     sshexec = get_sshexec(ssh_host)
     require_iroh = args.config.enable_iroh_relay
     strict_tls = args.config.tls_cert_mode == "acme"
+    if args.config.ipv4_relay:
+        args.dns_check_disabled = True
     if not args.dns_check_disabled:
         remote_data = dns.get_initial_remote_data(sshexec, args.config.mail_domain)
         if not dns.check_initial_remote_data(remote_data, strict_tls=strict_tls, print=out.red):
@@ -119,6 +121,8 @@ def run_cmd(args, out):
         elif not args.dns_check_disabled and strict_tls and not remote_data["acme_account_url"]:
             out.red("Deploy completed but letsencrypt not configured")
             out.red("Run 'cmdeploy run' again")
+        elif args.config.ipv4_relay:
+            out.green("Deploy completed.")
         else:
             out.green("Deploy completed, call `cmdeploy dns` next.")
         return 0
@@ -140,6 +144,10 @@ def dns_cmd_options(parser):
 
 def dns_cmd(args, out):
     """Check DNS entries and optionally generate dns zone file."""
+    if args.config.ipv4_relay:
+        ipv4 = args.config.ipv4_relay
+        print(f"[WARNING] {ipv4} is not a domain, skipping DNS checks.")
+        return 0
     ssh_host = args.ssh_host if args.ssh_host else args.config.mail_domain
     sshexec = get_sshexec(ssh_host, verbose=args.verbose)
     tls_cert_mode = args.config.tls_cert_mode
@@ -177,7 +185,7 @@ def status_cmd_options(parser):
 def status_cmd(args, out):
     """Display status for online chatmail instance."""
 
-    ssh_host = args.ssh_host if args.ssh_host else args.config.mail_domain
+    ssh_host = args.ssh_host if args.ssh_host else args.config.mail_domain_bare
     sshexec = get_sshexec(ssh_host, verbose=args.verbose)
 
     out.green(f"chatmail domain: {args.config.mail_domain}")

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/deployers.py

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from chatmaild.config import read_config
 from pyinfra import facts, host, logger
 from pyinfra.api import FactBase
 from pyinfra.facts import hardware
-from pyinfra.facts.files import Sha256File
 from pyinfra.facts.systemd import SystemdEnabled
 from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, pip, server, systemd
 
@@ -25,7 +24,6 @@ from .basedeploy import (
     activate_remote_units,
     blocked_service_startup,
     configure_remote_units,
-    get_resource,
     has_systemd,
     is_in_container,
 )
@@ -82,25 +80,22 @@ def remove_legacy_artifacts():
         )
 
 
-def _install_remote_venv_with_chatmaild() -> None:
+def _install_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(deployer) -> None:
     remove_legacy_artifacts()
     dist_file = _build_chatmaild(dist_dir=Path("chatmaild/dist"))
     remote_base_dir = "/usr/local/lib/chatmaild"
     remote_dist_file = f"{remote_base_dir}/dist/{dist_file.name}"
     remote_venv_dir = f"{remote_base_dir}/venv"
-    root_owned = dict(user="root", group="root", mode="644")
 
     apt.packages(
         name="apt install python3-virtualenv",
         packages=["python3-virtualenv"],
     )
 
-    files.put(
+    deployer.ensure_directory(f"{remote_base_dir}/dist")
-        name="Upload chatmaild source package",
+    deployer.put_file(
         src=dist_file.open("rb"),
         dest=remote_dist_file,
-        create_remote_dir=True,
-        **root_owned,
     )
 
     pip.virtualenv(
@@ -122,32 +117,22 @@ def _install_remote_venv_with_chatmaild() -> None:
     )
 
 
-def _configure_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(config) -> None:
+def _configure_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(deployer, config) -> None:
     remote_base_dir = "/usr/local/lib/chatmaild"
     remote_chatmail_inipath = f"{remote_base_dir}/chatmail.ini"
-    root_owned = dict(user="root", group="root", mode="644")
 
-    files.put(
+    deployer.put_file(
-        name=f"Upload {remote_chatmail_inipath}",
         src=config._getbytefile(),
         dest=remote_chatmail_inipath,
-        **root_owned,
     )
 
-    files.file(
+    deployer.remove_file("/etc/cron.d/chatmail-metrics")
-        path="/etc/cron.d/chatmail-metrics",
+    deployer.remove_file("/var/www/html/metrics")
-        present=False,
-    )
-    files.file(
-        path="/var/www/html/metrics",
-        present=False,
-    )
 
 
 class UnboundDeployer(Deployer):
     def __init__(self, config):
         self.config = config
-        self.need_restart = False
 
     def install(self):
         # On an IPv4-only system, if unbound is started but not configured,
@@ -176,13 +161,9 @@ class UnboundDeployer(Deployer):
         )
         # Configure unbound resolver with Quad9 fallback and a trailing newline
         # (SolusVM bug).
-        files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            name="Write static resolv.conf",
             src=BytesIO(b"nameserver 127.0.0.1\nnameserver 9.9.9.9\n"),
             dest="/etc/resolv.conf",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
         server.shell(
             name="Generate root keys for validating DNSSEC",
@@ -191,26 +172,15 @@ class UnboundDeployer(Deployer):
             ],
         )
         if self.config.disable_ipv6:
-            files.directory(
+            self.ensure_directory(
                 path="/etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d",
-                present=True,
-                user="root",
-                group="root",
-                mode="755",
             )
-            conf = files.put(
+            self.put_template(
-                src=get_resource("unbound/unbound.conf.j2"),
+                "unbound/unbound.conf.j2",
-                dest="/etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/chatmail.conf",
+                "/etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/chatmail.conf",
-                user="root",
-                group="root",
-                mode="644",
             )
         else:
-            conf = files.file(
+            self.remove_file("/etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/chatmail.conf")
-                path="/etc/unbound/unbound.conf.d/chatmail.conf",
-                present=False,
-            )
-        self.need_restart |= conf.changed
 
     def activate(self):
         server.shell(
@@ -220,27 +190,25 @@ class UnboundDeployer(Deployer):
             ],
         )
 
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("unbound.service")
-            name="Start and enable unbound",
+
-            service="unbound.service",
+        self.ensure_service(
-            running=True,
+            "unbound-resolvconf.service",
-            enabled=True,
+            running=False,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
+            enabled=False,
         )
 
 
 class MtastsDeployer(Deployer):
     def configure(self):
         # Remove configuration.
-        files.file("/etc/mta-sts-daemon.yml", present=False)
+        self.remove_file("/etc/mta-sts-daemon.yml")
-        files.directory("/usr/local/lib/postfix-mta-sts-resolver", present=False)
+        self.remove_directory("/usr/local/lib/postfix-mta-sts-resolver")
-        files.file("/etc/systemd/system/mta-sts-daemon.service", present=False)
+        self.remove_file("/etc/systemd/system/mta-sts-daemon.service")
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service(
-            name="Stop MTA-STS daemon",
+            "mta-sts-daemon.service",
-            service="mta-sts-daemon.service",
-            daemon_reload=True,
             running=False,
             enabled=False,
         )
@@ -251,14 +219,7 @@ class WebsiteDeployer(Deployer):
         self.config = config
 
     def install(self):
-        files.directory(
+        self.ensure_directory("/var/www")
-            name="Ensure /var/www exists",
-            path="/var/www",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="755",
-            present=True,
-        )
 
     def configure(self):
         www_path, src_dir, build_dir = get_paths(self.config)
@@ -288,15 +249,11 @@ class LegacyRemoveDeployer(Deployer):
 
         # remove historic expunge script
         # which is now implemented through a systemd timer (chatmail-expire)
-        files.file(
+        self.remove_file("/etc/cron.d/expunge")
-            path="/etc/cron.d/expunge",
-            present=False,
-        )
 
         # Remove OBS repository key that is no longer used.
-        files.file("/etc/apt/keyrings/obs-home-deltachat.gpg", present=False)
+        self.remove_file("/etc/apt/keyrings/obs-home-deltachat.gpg")
-        files.line(
+        self.ensure_line(
-            name="Remove DeltaChat OBS home repository from sources.list",
             path="/etc/apt/sources.list",
             line="deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/obs-home-deltachat.gpg] https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/deltachat/Debian_12/ ./",
             escape_regex_characters=True,
@@ -304,11 +261,7 @@ class LegacyRemoveDeployer(Deployer):
         )
 
         # prior relay versions used filelogging
-        files.directory(
+        self.remove_directory("/var/log/journal/")
-            name="Ensure old logs on disk are deleted",
-            path="/var/log/journal/",
-            present=False,
-        )
         # remove echobot if it is still running
         if has_systemd() and host.get_fact(SystemdEnabled).get("echobot.service"):
             systemd.service(
@@ -350,22 +303,13 @@ class TurnDeployer(Deployer):
                 "0fb3e792419494e21ecad536464929dba706bb2c88884ed8f1788141d26fc756",
             ),
         }[host.get_fact(facts.server.Arch)]
-
+        self.download_executable(url, "/usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn", sha256sum)
-        existing_sha256sum = host.get_fact(Sha256File, "/usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn")
-        if existing_sha256sum != sha256sum:
-            server.shell(
-                name="Download chatmail-turn",
-                commands=[
-                    f"(curl -L {url} >/usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn.new && (echo '{sha256sum} /usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn.new' | sha256sum -c) && mv /usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn.new /usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn)",
-                    "chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/chatmail-turn",
-                ],
-            )
 
     def configure(self):
-        configure_remote_units(self.mail_domain, self.units)
+        configure_remote_units(self, self.mail_domain, self.units)
 
     def activate(self):
-        activate_remote_units(self.units)
+        activate_remote_units(self, self.units)
 
 
 class IrohDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -383,72 +327,30 @@ class IrohDeployer(Deployer):
                 "f8ef27631fac213b3ef668d02acd5b3e215292746a3fc71d90c63115446008b1",
             ),
         }[host.get_fact(facts.server.Arch)]
-
+        self.download_executable(
-        existing_sha256sum = host.get_fact(Sha256File, "/usr/local/bin/iroh-relay")
+            url,
-        if existing_sha256sum != sha256sum:
+            "/usr/local/bin/iroh-relay",
-            server.shell(
+            sha256sum,
-                name="Download iroh-relay",
+            extract="gunzip | tar -xf - ./iroh-relay -O",
-                commands=[
+        )
-                    f"(curl -L {url} | gunzip | tar -x -f - ./iroh-relay -O >/usr/local/bin/iroh-relay.new && (echo '{sha256sum} /usr/local/bin/iroh-relay.new' | sha256sum -c) && mv /usr/local/bin/iroh-relay.new /usr/local/bin/iroh-relay)",
-                    "chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/iroh-relay",
-                ],
-            )
-
-            self.need_restart = True
 
     def configure(self):
-        systemd_unit = files.put(
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit("iroh-relay.service")
-            name="Upload iroh-relay systemd unit",
+        self.put_file("iroh-relay.toml", "/etc/iroh-relay.toml")
-            src=get_resource("iroh-relay.service"),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/iroh-relay.service",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart |= systemd_unit.changed
-
-        iroh_config = files.put(
-            name="Upload iroh-relay config",
-            src=get_resource("iroh-relay.toml"),
-            dest="/etc/iroh-relay.toml",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart |= iroh_config.changed
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service(
-            name="Start and enable iroh-relay",
+            "iroh-relay.service",
-            service="iroh-relay.service",
-            running=True,
             enabled=self.enable_iroh_relay,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
         )
-        self.need_restart = False
 
 
 class JournaldDeployer(Deployer):
     def configure(self):
-        journald_conf = files.put(
+        self.put_file("journald.conf", "/etc/systemd/journald.conf")
-            name="Configure journald",
-            src=get_resource("journald.conf"),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/journald.conf",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart = journald_conf.changed
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("systemd-journald.service")
-            name="Start and enable journald",
-            service="systemd-journald.service",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
-        )
-        self.need_restart = False
 
 
 class ChatmailVenvDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -464,14 +366,14 @@ class ChatmailVenvDeployer(Deployer):
         )
 
     def install(self):
-        _install_remote_venv_with_chatmaild()
+        _install_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(self)
 
     def configure(self):
-        _configure_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(self.config)
+        _configure_remote_venv_with_chatmaild(self, self.config)
-        configure_remote_units(self.config.mail_domain, self.units)
+        configure_remote_units(self, self.config.mail_domain_bare, self.units)
 
     def activate(self):
-        activate_remote_units(self.units)
+        activate_remote_units(self, self.units)
 
 
 class ChatmailDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -485,13 +387,9 @@ class ChatmailDeployer(Deployer):
         self.mail_domain = config.mail_domain
 
     def install(self):
-        files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            name="Disable installing recommended packages globally",
             src=BytesIO(b'APT::Install-Recommends "false";\n'),
             dest="/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/00InstallRecommends",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
         apt.update(name="apt update", cache_time=24 * 3600)
         apt.upgrade(name="upgrade apt packages", auto_remove=True)
@@ -508,13 +406,10 @@ class ChatmailDeployer(Deployer):
 
     def configure(self):
         # metadata crashes if the mailboxes dir does not exist
-        files.directory(
+        self.ensure_directory(
-            name="Ensure vmail mailbox directory exists",
+            str(self.config.mailboxes_dir),
-            path=str(self.config.mailboxes_dir),
+            owner="vmail",
-            user="vmail",
-            group="vmail",
             mode="700",
-            present=True,
         )
 
         # This file is used by auth proxy.
@@ -535,12 +430,7 @@ class FcgiwrapDeployer(Deployer):
         )
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("fcgiwrap.service")
-            name="Start and enable fcgiwrap",
-            service="fcgiwrap.service",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-        )
 
 
 class GithashDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -553,12 +443,7 @@ class GithashDeployer(Deployer):
             git_diff = subprocess.check_output(["git", "diff"]).decode()
         except Exception:
             git_diff = ""
-        files.put(
+        self.put_file(src=StringIO(git_hash + git_diff), dest="/etc/chatmail-version")
-            name="Upload chatmail relay git commit hash",
-            src=StringIO(git_hash + git_diff),
-            dest="/etc/chatmail-version",
-            mode="700",
-        )
 
 
 def get_tls_deployer(config, mail_domain):
@@ -584,18 +469,24 @@ def deploy_chatmail(config_path: Path, disable_mail: bool, website_only: bool) -
     """
     config = read_config(config_path)
     check_config(config)
-    mail_domain = config.mail_domain
+    bare_host = config.mail_domain_bare
 
     if website_only:
         Deployment().perform_stages([WebsiteDeployer(config)])
         return
 
     # Check if mtail_address interface is available (if configured)
-    if config.mtail_address and config.mtail_address not in ('127.0.0.1', '::1', 'localhost'):
+    if config.mtail_address and config.mtail_address not in (
+        "127.0.0.1",
+        "::1",
+        "localhost",
+    ):
         ipv4_addrs = host.get_fact(hardware.Ipv4Addrs)
         all_addresses = [addr for addrs in ipv4_addrs.values() for addr in addrs]
         if config.mtail_address not in all_addresses:
-            Out().red(f"Deploy failed: mtail_address {config.mtail_address} is not available (VPN up?).\n")
+            Out().red(
+                f"Deploy failed: mtail_address {config.mtail_address} is not available (VPN up?).\n"
+            )
             exit(1)
 
     if not is_in_container():
@@ -635,7 +526,7 @@ def deploy_chatmail(config_path: Path, disable_mail: bool, website_only: bool) -
                     )
                     exit(1)
 
-    tls_deployer = get_tls_deployer(config, mail_domain)
+    tls_deployer = get_tls_deployer(config, bare_host)
 
     all_deployers = [
         ChatmailDeployer(config),
@@ -643,13 +534,13 @@ def deploy_chatmail(config_path: Path, disable_mail: bool, website_only: bool) -
         FiltermailDeployer(),
         JournaldDeployer(),
         UnboundDeployer(config),
-        TurnDeployer(mail_domain),
+        TurnDeployer(bare_host),
         IrohDeployer(config.enable_iroh_relay),
         tls_deployer,
         WebsiteDeployer(config),
         ChatmailVenvDeployer(config),
         MtastsDeployer(),
-        OpendkimDeployer(mail_domain),
+        *([] if config.ipv4_relay else [OpendkimDeployer(bare_host)]),
         # Dovecot should be started before Postfix
         # because it creates authentication socket
         # required by Postfix.

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/dovecot/deployer.py

@@ -5,14 +5,13 @@ from chatmaild.config import Config
 from pyinfra import host
 from pyinfra.facts.deb import DebPackages
 from pyinfra.facts.server import Arch, Command, Sysctl
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server, systemd
+from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server
 
 from cmdeploy.basedeploy import (
     Deployer,
     activate_remote_units,
     blocked_service_startup,
     configure_remote_units,
-    get_resource,
     is_in_container,
 )
 
@@ -59,26 +58,21 @@ class DovecotDeployer(Deployer):
                     ],
                 )
                 self.need_restart = True
-        files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            name="Pin dovecot packages to block Debian dist-upgrades",
             src=io.StringIO(
                 "Package: dovecot-*\n"
                 "Pin: version *\n"
                 "Pin-Priority: -1\n"
             ),
             dest="/etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-dovecot",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
 
     def configure(self):
-        configure_remote_units(self.config.mail_domain, self.units)
+        configure_remote_units(self, self.config.mail_domain_bare, self.units)
-        config_restart, self.daemon_reload = _configure_dovecot(self.config)
+        _configure_dovecot(self, self.config)
-        self.need_restart |= config_restart
 
     def activate(self):
-        activate_remote_units(self.units)
+        activate_remote_units(self, self.units)
 
         # Detect stale binary: package installed but service still runs old (deleted) binary.
         if not self.disable_mail and not self.need_restart:
@@ -91,19 +85,12 @@ class DovecotDeployer(Deployer):
             if stale == "STALE":
                 self.need_restart = True
 
-        restart = False if self.disable_mail else self.need_restart
+        active = not self.disable_mail
-
+        self.ensure_service(
-        systemd.service(
+            "dovecot.service",
-            name="Disable dovecot for now"
+            running=active,
-            if self.disable_mail
+            enabled=active,
-            else "Start and enable Dovecot",
-            service="dovecot.service",
-            running=False if self.disable_mail else True,
-            enabled=False if self.disable_mail else True,
-            restarted=restart,
-            daemon_reload=self.daemon_reload,
         )
-        self.need_restart = False
 
 
 def _pick_url(primary, fallback):
@@ -147,39 +134,19 @@ def _download_dovecot_package(package: str, arch: str) -> tuple[str | None, bool
 
     return deb_filename, True
 
-
+def _configure_dovecot(deployer, config: Config, debug: bool = False):
-def _configure_dovecot(config: Config, debug: bool = False) -> tuple[bool, bool]:
     """Configures Dovecot IMAP server."""
-    need_restart = False
+    deployer.put_template(
-    daemon_reload = False
+        "dovecot/dovecot.conf.j2",
-
+        "/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf",
-    main_config = files.template(
-        src=get_resource("dovecot/dovecot.conf.j2"),
-        dest="/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
         config=config,
         debug=debug,
         disable_ipv6=config.disable_ipv6,
     )
-    need_restart |= main_config.changed
+    deployer.put_file("dovecot/auth.conf", "/etc/dovecot/auth.conf")
-    auth_config = files.put(
+    deployer.put_file(
-        src=get_resource("dovecot/auth.conf"),
+        "dovecot/push_notification.lua", "/etc/dovecot/push_notification.lua"
-        dest="/etc/dovecot/auth.conf",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
     )
-    need_restart |= auth_config.changed
-    lua_push_notification_script = files.put(
-        src=get_resource("dovecot/push_notification.lua"),
-        dest="/etc/dovecot/push_notification.lua",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
-    )
-    need_restart |= lua_push_notification_script.changed
 
     # as per https://doc.dovecot.org/2.3/configuration_manual/os/
     # it is recommended to set the following inotify limits
@@ -203,25 +170,20 @@ def _configure_dovecot(config: Config, debug: bool = False) -> tuple[bool, bool]
             persist=True,
         )
 
-    timezone_env = files.line(
+    deployer.ensure_line(
         name="Set TZ environment variable",
         path="/etc/environment",
         line="TZ=:/etc/localtime",
     )
-    need_restart |= timezone_env.changed
 
-    restart_conf = files.put(
+    deployer.put_file(
-        name="dovecot: restart automatically on failure",
+        "service/10_restart_on_failure.conf",
-        src=get_resource("service/10_restart.conf"),
+        "/etc/systemd/system/dovecot.service.d/10_restart.conf",
-        dest="/etc/systemd/system/dovecot.service.d/10_restart.conf",
     )
-    daemon_reload |= restart_conf.changed
 
     # Validate dovecot configuration before restart
-    if need_restart:
+    if deployer.need_restart:
         server.shell(
             name="Validate dovecot configuration",
             commands=["doveconf -n >/dev/null"],
         )
-
-    return need_restart, daemon_reload

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/dovecot/dovecot.conf.j2

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ listen = 0.0.0.0
 protocols = imap lmtp
 
 auth_mechanisms = plain
+auth_username_chars = abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234567890.-_@[]
 
 {% if debug == true %}
 auth_verbose = yes

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/external/deployer.py

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
-import io
-
 from pyinfra import host
 from pyinfra.facts.files import File
-from pyinfra.operations import files, systemd
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer, get_resource
+from ..basedeploy import Deployer
 
 
 class ExternalTlsDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -23,45 +20,22 @@ class ExternalTlsDeployer(Deployer):
     def configure(self):
         # Verify cert and key exist on the remote host using pyinfra facts.
         for path in (self.cert_path, self.key_path):
-            info = host.get_fact(File, path=path)
+            if host.get_fact(File, path=path) is None:
-            if info is None:
                 raise Exception(f"External TLS file not found on server: {path}")
 
-        # Deploy the .path unit (templated with the cert path).
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit(
-        # pkg=__package__ is required here because the resource files
+            "external/tls-cert-reload.path.j2",
-        # live in cmdeploy.external, not the default cmdeploy package.
+            cert_path=self.cert_path,
-        source = get_resource("tls-cert-reload.path.f", pkg=__package__)
-        content = source.read_text().format(cert_path=self.cert_path).encode()
-
-        path_unit = files.put(
-            name="Upload tls-cert-reload.path",
-            src=io.BytesIO(content),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/tls-cert-reload.path",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
-
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit(
-        service_unit = files.put(
+            "external/tls-cert-reload.service",
-            name="Upload tls-cert-reload.service",
-            src=get_resource("tls-cert-reload.service", pkg=__package__),
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/tls-cert-reload.service",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
 
-        if path_unit.changed or service_unit.changed:
-            self.need_restart = True
-
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
-            name="Enable tls-cert-reload path watcher",
-            service="tls-cert-reload.path",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
-            daemon_reload=self.need_restart,
-        )
         # No explicit reload needed here: dovecot/nginx read the cert
         # on startup, and the .path watcher handles live changes.
+        self.ensure_service(
+            "tls-cert-reload.path",
+            running=True,
+            enabled=True,
+        )

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/external/tls-cert-reload.path.j2

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 Description=Watch TLS certificate for changes
 
 [Path]
-PathChanged={cert_path}
+PathChanged={{ cert_path }}
 
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/filtermail/deployer.py

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 import os
 
 from pyinfra import facts, host
-from pyinfra.operations import files, systemd
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer, get_resource
+from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
 
 
 class FiltermailDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -11,54 +10,31 @@ class FiltermailDeployer(Deployer):
     bin_path = "/usr/local/bin/filtermail"
     config_path = "/usr/local/lib/chatmaild/chatmail.ini"
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.need_restart = False
-
     def install(self):
         local_bin = os.environ.get("CHATMAIL_FILTERMAIL_BINARY")
         if local_bin:
-            self.need_restart |= files.put(
+            self.put_executable(
-                name="Upload locally built filtermail",
                 src=local_bin,
                 dest=self.bin_path,
-                mode="755",
+            )
-            ).changed
             return
 
         arch = host.get_fact(facts.server.Arch)
-        url = f"https://github.com/chatmail/filtermail/releases/download/v0.6.4/filtermail-{arch}"
+        url = f"https://github.com/chatmail/filtermail/releases/download/v0.6.6/filtermail-{arch}"
         sha256sum = {
-            "x86_64": "5295115952c72e4c4ec3c85546e094b4155a4c702c82bd71fcdcb744dc73adf6",
+            "x86_64": "05c7e7ac244606c2eeb275f2d282ffdbc2403e0169f1cdd3110ffcebdb994a92",
-            "aarch64": "6892244f17b8f26ccb465766e96028e7222b3c8adefca9fc6bfe9ff332ca8dff",
+            "aarch64": "8cf8bbda4d907beca547b365cc7e6753532a74b1712492d0d2f3d2d8a553fb3d",
         }[arch]
-        self.need_restart |= files.download(
+        self.download_executable(url, self.bin_path, sha256sum)
-            name="Download filtermail",
-            src=url,
-            sha256sum=sha256sum,
-            dest=self.bin_path,
-            mode="755",
-        ).changed
 
     def configure(self):
         for service in self.services:
-            self.need_restart |= files.template(
+            self.ensure_systemd_unit(
-                src=get_resource(f"filtermail/{service}.service.j2"),
+                f"filtermail/{service}.service.j2",
-                dest=f"/etc/systemd/system/{service}.service",
-                user="root",
-                group="root",
-                mode="644",
                 bin_path=self.bin_path,
                 config_path=self.config_path,
-            ).changed
+            )
 
     def activate(self):
         for service in self.services:
-            systemd.service(
+            self.ensure_service(f"{service}.service")
-                name=f"Start and enable {service}",
-                service=f"{service}.service",
-                running=True,
-                enabled=True,
-                restarted=self.need_restart,
-                daemon_reload=True,
-            )
-        self.need_restart = False

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/mtail/deployer.py

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 from pyinfra import facts, host
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server, systemd
+from pyinfra.operations import apt
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import (
+from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
-    Deployer,
-    get_resource,
-)
 
 
 class MtailDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -18,51 +15,30 @@ class MtailDeployer(Deployer):
         (url, sha256sum) = {
             "x86_64": (
                 "https://github.com/google/mtail/releases/download/v3.0.8/mtail_3.0.8_linux_amd64.tar.gz",
-                "123c2ee5f48c3eff12ebccee38befd2233d715da736000ccde49e3d5607724e4",
+                "d55cb601049c5e61eabab29998dbbcea95d480e5448544f9470337ba2eea882e",
             ),
             "aarch64": (
                 "https://github.com/google/mtail/releases/download/v3.0.8/mtail_3.0.8_linux_arm64.tar.gz",
-                "aa04811c0929b6754408676de520e050c45dddeb3401881888a092c9aea89cae",
+                "f748db8ad2a1e0b63684d4c8868cf6a373a20f7e6922e5ece601fff0ee00eb1a",
             ),
         }[host.get_fact(facts.server.Arch)]
-
+        self.download_executable(
-        server.shell(
+            url,
-            name="Download mtail",
+            "/usr/local/bin/mtail",
-            commands=[
+            sha256sum,
-                f"(echo '{sha256sum} /usr/local/bin/mtail' | sha256sum -c) || (curl -L {url} | gunzip | tar -x -f - mtail -O >/usr/local/bin/mtail.new && mv /usr/local/bin/mtail.new /usr/local/bin/mtail)",
+            extract="gunzip | tar -xf - mtail -O",
-                "chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/mtail",
-            ],
         )
 
     def configure(self):
         # Using our own systemd unit instead of `/usr/lib/systemd/system/mtail.service`.
         # This allows to read from journalctl instead of log files.
-        files.template(
+        self.ensure_systemd_unit(
-            src=get_resource("mtail/mtail.service.j2"),
+            "mtail/mtail.service.j2",
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/mtail.service",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             address=self.mtail_address or "127.0.0.1",
             port=3903,
         )
-
+        self.put_file("mtail/delivered_mail.mtail", "/etc/mtail/delivered_mail.mtail")
-        mtail_conf = files.put(
-            name="Mtail configuration",
-            src=get_resource("mtail/delivered_mail.mtail"),
-            dest="/etc/mtail/delivered_mail.mtail",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        self.need_restart = mtail_conf.changed
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        active = bool(self.mtail_address)
-            name="Start and enable mtail",
+        self.ensure_service("mtail.service", running=active, enabled=active)
-            service="mtail.service",
-            running=bool(self.mtail_address),
-            enabled=bool(self.mtail_address),
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
-        )
-        self.need_restart = False

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/mtail/mtail.service.j2

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 [Unit]
 Description=mtail
-After=multi-user.target
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
 
 [Service]
 Type=simple
 ExecStart=/bin/sh -c "journalctl -f -o short-iso -n 0 | /usr/local/bin/mtail --address={{ address }} --port={{ port }} --progs /etc/mtail --logtostderr --logs -"
 Restart=on-failure
+RestartSec=2s
 
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/nginx/deployer.py

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from chatmaild.config import Config
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, systemd
+from pyinfra.operations import apt
 
 from cmdeploy.basedeploy import (
     Deployer,
@@ -31,87 +31,50 @@ class NginxDeployer(Deployer):
         # For documentation about policy-rc.d, see:
         # https://people.debian.org/~hmh/invokerc.d-policyrc.d-specification.txt
         #
-        files.put(
+        self.put_executable(src="policy-rc.d", dest="/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d")
-            src=get_resource("policy-rc.d"),
-            dest="/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="755",
-        )
 
         apt.packages(
             name="Install nginx",
             packages=["nginx", "libnginx-mod-stream"],
         )
 
-        files.file("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d", present=False)
+        self.remove_file("/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d")
 
     def configure(self):
-        self.need_restart = _configure_nginx(self.config)
+        _configure_nginx(self, self.config)
 
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("nginx.service")
-            name="Start and enable nginx",
-            service="nginx.service",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
-        )
-        self.need_restart = False
 
 
-def _configure_nginx(config: Config, debug: bool = False) -> bool:
+def _configure_nginx(deployer, config: Config, debug: bool = False):
     """Configures nginx HTTP server."""
-    need_restart = False
 
-    main_config = files.template(
+    deployer.put_template(
-        src=get_resource("nginx/nginx.conf.j2"),
+        "nginx/nginx.conf.j2",
-        dest="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf",
+        "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
         config=config,
         disable_ipv6=config.disable_ipv6,
     )
-    need_restart |= main_config.changed
 
-    autoconfig = files.template(
+    deployer.put_template(
-        src=get_resource("nginx/autoconfig.xml.j2"),
+        "nginx/autoconfig.xml.j2",
-        dest="/var/www/html/.well-known/autoconfig/mail/config-v1.1.xml",
+        "/var/www/html/.well-known/autoconfig/mail/config-v1.1.xml",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
         config=config,
     )
-    need_restart |= autoconfig.changed
 
-    mta_sts_config = files.template(
+    deployer.put_template(
-        src=get_resource("nginx/mta-sts.txt.j2"),
+        "nginx/mta-sts.txt.j2",
-        dest="/var/www/html/.well-known/mta-sts.txt",
+        "/var/www/html/.well-known/mta-sts.txt",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="644",
         config=config,
     )
-    need_restart |= mta_sts_config.changed
 
     # install CGI newemail script
     #
     cgi_dir = "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"
-    files.directory(
+    deployer.ensure_directory(cgi_dir)
-        name=f"Ensure {cgi_dir} exists",
-        path=cgi_dir,
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-    )
 
-    files.put(
+    deployer.put_executable(
-        name="Upload cgi newemail.py script",
         src=get_resource("newemail.py", pkg="chatmaild").open("rb"),
         dest=f"{cgi_dir}/newemail.py",
-        user="root",
-        group="root",
-        mode="755",
     )
-
-    return need_restart

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/nginx/nginx.conf.j2

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ stream {
 }
 
 http {
+	# access_log setting is inherited by all server sections
+	access_log syslog:server=unix:/dev/log,facility=local7;
+
 {% if config.tls_cert_mode == "self" %}
 	limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=newaccount:10m rate=2r/s;
 {% endif %}
@@ -69,9 +72,7 @@ http {
 
 		index index.html index.htm;
 
-		server_name {{ config.mail_domain }} www.{{ config.mail_domain }} mta-sts.{{ config.mail_domain }};
+		server_name {{ config.mail_domain }} mta-sts.{{ config.mail_domain }};
-
-		access_log syslog:server=unix:/dev/log,facility=local7;
 
 		location /mxdeliv {
 		    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:{{ config.filtermail_http_port_incoming }};
@@ -143,7 +144,6 @@ http {
 		listen 127.0.0.1:8443 ssl;
 		server_name www.{{ config.mail_domain }};
 		return 301 $scheme://{{ config.mail_domain }}$request_uri;
-		access_log syslog:server=unix:/dev/log,facility=local7;
 	}
 
 	server {

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/opendkim/deployer.py

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ Installs OpenDKIM
 
 from pyinfra import host
 from pyinfra.facts.files import File
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server, systemd
+from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer, get_resource
+from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
 
 
 class OpendkimDeployer(Deployer):
@@ -25,65 +25,39 @@ class OpendkimDeployer(Deployer):
         domain = self.mail_domain
         dkim_selector = "opendkim"
         """Configures OpenDKIM"""
-        need_restart = False
 
-        main_config = files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=get_resource("opendkim/opendkim.conf"),
+            "opendkim/opendkim.conf",
-            dest="/etc/opendkim.conf",
+            "/etc/opendkim.conf",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             config={"domain_name": domain, "opendkim_selector": dkim_selector},
         )
-        need_restart |= main_config.changed
 
-        screen_script = files.file(
+        self.remove_file("/etc/opendkim/screen.lua")
-            path="/etc/opendkim/screen.lua",
+        self.remove_file("/etc/opendkim/final.lua")
-            present=False,
-        )
-        need_restart |= screen_script.changed
 
-        final_script = files.file(
+        self.ensure_directory(
-            path="/etc/opendkim/final.lua",
+            "/etc/opendkim",
-            present=False,
+            owner="opendkim",
-        )
-        need_restart |= final_script.changed
-
-        files.directory(
-            name="Add opendkim directory to /etc",
-            path="/etc/opendkim",
-            user="opendkim",
-            group="opendkim",
             mode="750",
-            present=True,
         )
 
-        keytable = files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=get_resource("opendkim/KeyTable"),
+            "opendkim/KeyTable",
-            dest="/etc/dkimkeys/KeyTable",
+            "/etc/dkimkeys/KeyTable",
-            user="opendkim",
+            owner="opendkim",
-            group="opendkim",
-            mode="644",
             config={"domain_name": domain, "opendkim_selector": dkim_selector},
         )
-        need_restart |= keytable.changed
 
-        signing_table = files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=get_resource("opendkim/SigningTable"),
+            "opendkim/SigningTable",
-            dest="/etc/dkimkeys/SigningTable",
+            "/etc/dkimkeys/SigningTable",
-            user="opendkim",
+            owner="opendkim",
-            group="opendkim",
-            mode="644",
             config={"domain_name": domain, "opendkim_selector": dkim_selector},
         )
-        need_restart |= signing_table.changed
+        self.ensure_directory(
-        files.directory(
+            "/var/spool/postfix/opendkim",
-            name="Add opendkim socket directory to /var/spool/postfix",
+            owner="opendkim",
-            path="/var/spool/postfix/opendkim",
-            user="opendkim",
-            group="opendkim",
             mode="750",
-            present=True,
         )
 
         if not host.get_fact(File, f"/etc/dkimkeys/{dkim_selector}.private"):
@@ -96,12 +70,10 @@ class OpendkimDeployer(Deployer):
                 _su_user="opendkim",
             )
 
-        service_file = files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            name="Configure opendkim to restart once a day",
+            "opendkim/systemd.conf",
-            src=get_resource("opendkim/systemd.conf"),
+            "/etc/systemd/system/opendkim.service.d/10-prevent-memory-leak.conf",
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/opendkim.service.d/10-prevent-memory-leak.conf",
         )
-        need_restart |= service_file.changed
 
         files.file(
             name="chown opendkim: /etc/dkimkeys/opendkim.private",
@@ -110,15 +82,5 @@ class OpendkimDeployer(Deployer):
             group="opendkim",
         )
 
-        self.need_restart = need_restart
-
     def activate(self):
-        systemd.service(
+        self.ensure_service("opendkim.service")
-            name="Start and enable OpenDKIM",
-            service="opendkim.service",
-            running=True,
-            enabled=True,
-            daemon_reload=self.need_restart,
-            restarted=self.need_restart,
-        )
-        self.need_restart = False

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/postfix/deployer.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, files, server, systemd
+from pyinfra.operations import apt, server
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer, get_resource
+from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
 
 
 class PostfixDeployer(Deployer):
     required_users = [("postfix", None, ["opendkim"])]
-    daemon_reload = False
 
     def __init__(self, config, disable_mail):
         self.config = config
@@ -19,81 +18,46 @@ class PostfixDeployer(Deployer):
 
     def configure(self):
         config = self.config
-        need_restart = False
 
-        main_config = files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=get_resource("postfix/main.cf.j2"),
+            "postfix/main.cf.j2",
-            dest="/etc/postfix/main.cf",
+            "/etc/postfix/main.cf",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             config=config,
             disable_ipv6=config.disable_ipv6,
         )
-        need_restart |= main_config.changed
 
-        master_config = files.template(
+        self.put_template(
-            src=get_resource("postfix/master.cf.j2"),
+            "postfix/master.cf.j2",
-            dest="/etc/postfix/master.cf",
+            "/etc/postfix/master.cf",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
             debug=False,
             config=config,
         )
-        need_restart |= master_config.changed
 
-        header_cleanup = files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            src=get_resource("postfix/submission_header_cleanup"),
+            "postfix/submission_header_cleanup",
-            dest="/etc/postfix/submission_header_cleanup",
+            "/etc/postfix/submission_header_cleanup",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
-        need_restart |= header_cleanup.changed
+        self.put_file("postfix/lmtp_header_cleanup", "/etc/postfix/lmtp_header_cleanup")
 
-        lmtp_header_cleanup = files.put(
+        res = self.put_file(
-            src=get_resource("postfix/lmtp_header_cleanup"),
+            "postfix/smtp_tls_policy_map", "/etc/postfix/smtp_tls_policy_map"
-            dest="/etc/postfix/lmtp_header_cleanup",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
         )
-        need_restart |= lmtp_header_cleanup.changed
+        tls_policy_changed = res.changed
-
+        if tls_policy_changed:
-        tls_policy_map = files.put(
-            name="Upload SMTP TLS Policy that accepts self-signed certificates for IP-only hosts",
-            src=get_resource("postfix/smtp_tls_policy_map"),
-            dest="/etc/postfix/smtp_tls_policy_map",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        need_restart |= tls_policy_map.changed
-        if tls_policy_map.changed:
             server.shell(
                 commands=["postmap /etc/postfix/smtp_tls_policy_map"],
             )
 
         # Login map that 1:1 maps email address to login.
-        login_map = files.put(
+        self.put_file("postfix/login_map", "/etc/postfix/login_map")
-            src=get_resource("postfix/login_map"),
-            dest="/etc/postfix/login_map",
-            user="root",
-            group="root",
-            mode="644",
-        )
-        need_restart |= login_map.changed
 
-        restart_conf = files.put(
+        self.put_file(
-            name="postfix: restart automatically on failure",
+            "service/10_restart_on_failure.conf",
-            src=get_resource("service/10_restart.conf"),
+            "/etc/systemd/system/postfix@.service.d/10_restart.conf",
-            dest="/etc/systemd/system/postfix@.service.d/10_restart.conf",
         )
-        self.daemon_reload = restart_conf.changed
 
         # Validate postfix configuration before restart
-        if need_restart:
+        if self.need_restart:
             server.shell(
                 name="Validate postfix configuration",
                 # Extract stderr and quit with error if non-zero
@@ -101,19 +65,11 @@ class PostfixDeployer(Deployer):
                     """bash -c 'w=$(postconf 2>&1 >/dev/null); [[ -z "$w" ]] || { echo "$w"; false; }'"""
                 ],
             )
-        self.need_restart = need_restart
 
     def activate(self):
-        restart = False if self.disable_mail else self.need_restart
+        active = not self.disable_mail
-
+        self.ensure_service(
-        systemd.service(
+            "postfix.service",
-            name="disable postfix for now"
+            running=active,
-            if self.disable_mail
+            enabled=active,
-            else "Start and enable Postfix",
-            service="postfix.service",
-            running=False if self.disable_mail else True,
-            enabled=False if self.disable_mail else True,
-            restarted=restart,
-            daemon_reload=self.daemon_reload,
         )
-        self.need_restart = False

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/postfix/main.cf.j2

@@ -54,14 +54,17 @@ smtpd_tls_exclude_ciphers = aNULL, RC4, MD5, DES
 tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes
 
 smtpd_relay_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated defer_unauth_destination
-myhostname = {{ config.mail_domain }}
+myhostname = {{ config.postfix_myhostname }}
 alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
 alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
 
-# Postfix does not deliver mail for any domain by itself.
+# When postfix receives mail for $mydestination,
-# Primary domain is listed in `virtual_mailbox_domains` instead
+# it hands it over to dovecot via $local_transport.
-# and handed over to Dovecot.
+# Note: IP literals must be handled via local delivery / mydestination.
-mydestination =
+mydestination = {{ config.mail_domain }}
+local_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
+# postfix doesn't check whether local users exist or not:
+local_recipient_maps =
 
 relayhost = 
 {% if disable_ipv6 %}
@@ -79,8 +82,6 @@ inet_protocols = ipv4
 inet_protocols = all
 {% endif %}
 
-virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp
-virtual_mailbox_domains = {{ config.mail_domain }}
 lmtp_header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/lmtp_header_cleanup
 
 mua_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, reject
@@ -102,3 +103,11 @@ smtpd_peername_lookup = no
 default_transport = lmtp-filtermail:inet:[127.0.0.1]:{{ config.filtermail_lmtp_port_transport }}
 lmtp-filtermail_initial_destination_concurrency=10000
 lmtp-filtermail_destination_concurrency_limit=10000
+
+{% if not config.ipv4_relay %}
+# DKIM-sign locally generated mail (bounces, DSNs).
+# These bypass smtpd, so they need explicit milter configuration.
+non_smtpd_milters = unix:opendkim/opendkim.sock
+internal_mail_filter_classes = bounce
+milter_macro_daemon_name = ORIGINATING
+{% endif %}

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/postfix/master.cf.j2

@@ -80,8 +80,9 @@ filter    unix -        n       n       -       -       lmtp
 127.0.0.1:{{ config.postfix_reinject_port }} inet  n       -       n       -       100      smtpd
   -o syslog_name=postfix/reinject
   -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
-  -o smtpd_milters=unix:opendkim/opendkim.sock
   -o cleanup_service_name=authclean
+{% if not config.ipv4_relay %}  -o smtpd_milters=unix:opendkim/opendkim.sock
+{% endif %}
 
 # Local SMTP server for reinjecting incoming filtered mail 
 127.0.0.1:{{ config.postfix_reinject_port_incoming }} inet  n       -       n       -       100      smtpd

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/remote/rdns.py

@@ -64,21 +64,25 @@ def get_dkim_entry(mail_domain, pre_command, dkim_selector):
     )
 
 
-def query_dns(typ, domain):
+def get_authoritative_ns(domain):
-    # Get autoritative nameserver from the SOA record.
+    ns_replies = [
-    soa_answers = [
         x.split()
         for x in shell(
-            f"dig -r -q {domain} -t SOA +noall +authority +answer", print=log_progress
+            f"dig -r -q {domain} -t NS +noall +authority +answer", print=log_progress
         ).split("\n")
     ]
-    soa = [a for a in soa_answers if len(a) >= 3 and a[3] == "SOA"]
+    filtered_replies = [a for a in ns_replies if len(a) >= 5 and a[3] == "NS"]
-    if not soa:
+    if not filtered_replies:
         return
-    ns = soa[0][4]
+    return filtered_replies[0][4]
+
+
+def query_dns(typ, domain):
+    ns = get_authoritative_ns(domain)
 
     # Query authoritative nameserver directly to bypass DNS cache.
-    res = shell(f"dig @{ns} -r -q {domain} -t {typ} +short", print=log_progress)
+    direct_ns = f"@{ns}" if ns else ""
+    res = shell(f"dig {direct_ns} -r -q {domain} -t {typ} +short", print=log_progress)
     return next((line for line in res.split("\n") if not line.startswith(";")), "")
 
 

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/selfsigned/deployer.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import shlex
 
-from pyinfra.operations import apt, server
+from pyinfra.operations import server
 
-from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
+from ..basedeploy import Deployer
 
 
 def openssl_selfsigned_args(domain, cert_path, key_path, days=36500):
@@ -34,11 +34,7 @@ class SelfSignedTlsDeployer(Deployer):
         self.cert_path = "/etc/ssl/certs/mailserver.pem"
         self.key_path = "/etc/ssl/private/mailserver.key"
 
-    def install(self):
+
-        apt.packages(
-            name="Install openssl",
-            packages=["openssl"],
-        )
 
     def configure(self):
         args = openssl_selfsigned_args(
@@ -52,3 +48,5 @@ class SelfSignedTlsDeployer(Deployer):
 
     def activate(self):
         pass
+
+

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/online/test_0_login.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ def test_init(tmp_path, maildomain):
     inipath = tmp_path.joinpath("chatmail.ini")
     main(["init", "--config", str(inipath), maildomain])
     config = read_config(inipath)
-    assert config.mail_domain == maildomain
+    assert config.mail_domain_bare == maildomain
 
 
 def test_capabilities(imap):
@@ -89,12 +89,11 @@ def test_concurrent_logins_same_account(
         assert login_results.get()
 
 
-def test_no_vrfy(cmfactory, chatmail_config):
+def test_no_vrfy(cmfactory, chatmail_config, maildomain):
     ac = cmfactory.get_online_account()
     addr = ac.get_config("addr")
-    domain = chatmail_config.mail_domain
 
-    s = smtplib.SMTP(domain)
+    s = smtplib.SMTP(maildomain)
     s.starttls()
 
     s.putcmd("vrfy", f"wrongaddress@{chatmail_config.mail_domain}")

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/online/test_1_basic.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import subprocess
 import time
 
 import pytest
+from chatmaild.config import is_valid_ipv4
 
 from cmdeploy import remote
 from cmdeploy.cmdeploy import get_sshexec
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ class TestSSHExecutor:
         assert out == out2
 
     def test_perform_initial(self, sshexec, maildomain):
+        if is_valid_ipv4(maildomain):
+            pytest.skip(f"{maildomain} is not a domain")
         res = sshexec(
             remote.rdns.perform_initial_checks, kwargs=dict(mail_domain=maildomain)
         )
@@ -61,8 +64,10 @@ class TestSSHExecutor:
         else:
             pytest.fail("didn't raise exception")
 
-    def test_opendkim_restarted(self, sshexec):
+    def test_opendkim_restarted(self, sshexec, maildomain):
         """check that opendkim is not running for longer than a day."""
+        if is_valid_ipv4(maildomain):
+            pytest.skip(f"{maildomain} is an IPv4 relay, opendkim is not installed")
         cmd = "systemctl show opendkim --timestamp=utc --property=ActiveEnterTimestamp"
         out = sshexec(call=remote.rshell.shell, kwargs=dict(command=cmd))
         datestring = out.split("=")[1]
@@ -189,6 +194,34 @@ def test_reject_missing_dkim(cmsetup, maildata, from_addr):
             s.sendmail(from_addr=from_addr, to_addrs=recipient.addr, msg=msg)
 
 
+def test_bounces_are_dkim_signed(cmsetup, cmsetup2, maildata, maildomain):
+    # we send a message to non-existant user and expect a bounce message
+    # which will only get through if the bounce message was DKIM-signed
+
+    if is_valid_ipv4(maildomain):
+        pytest.skip("DKIM is not configured on IPv4-only relays")
+
+    sender = cmsetup2.gen_users(1)[0]
+    nonexistent = f"nosuchuser_test42@{cmsetup.maildomain}"
+
+    msg = maildata(
+        "encrypted.eml",
+        from_addr=sender.addr,
+        to_addr=nonexistent,
+    ).as_string()
+    sender.smtp.sendmail(sender.addr, [nonexistent], msg)
+
+    def bounce_in_inbox():
+        messages = sender.imap.fetch_all_messages()
+        for m in messages:
+            if "mail delivery" in m.lower() or "undelivered" in m.lower():
+                return m
+        raise ValueError("bounce not yet in inbox")
+
+    bounce = try_n_times(30, bounce_in_inbox)
+    assert "nosuchuser_test42" in bounce
+
+
 def try_n_times(n, f):
     for _ in range(n - 1):
         try:
@@ -281,3 +314,15 @@ def test_deployed_state(remote):
     # assert len(git_status) == len(remote_version)  # for some reason, we only get 11 lines from remote.iter_output()
     for i in range(len(remote_version)):
         assert git_status[i] == remote_version[i], "You have undeployed changes."
+
+
+def test_nginx_access_log_only_defined_once(sshdomain):
+    sshexec = get_sshexec(sshdomain)
+    conf = sshexec(
+        call=remote.rshell.shell,
+        kwargs=dict(command="nginx -T 2>/dev/null"),
+    )
+    access_logs = [l for l in conf.splitlines() if l.strip().startswith("access_log")]
+    assert len(access_logs) == 1, (
+        f"expected 1 access_log, found {len(access_logs)}: {access_logs}"
+    )

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/online/test_2_deltachat.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ def imap_mailbox(cmfactory, ssl_context):
     (ac1,) = cmfactory.get_online_accounts(1)
     user = ac1.get_config("addr")
     password = ac1.get_config("mail_pw")
-    host = user.split("@")[1]
+    host = user.split("@")[1].strip("[").strip("]")
     mailbox = imap_tools.MailBox(host, ssl_context=ssl_context)
     mailbox.login(user, password)
     mailbox.dc_ac = ac1
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ def test_hide_senders_ip_address(cmfactory, ssl_context):
     chat.send_text("testing submission header cleanup")
     user2.wait_for_incoming_msg()
     addr = user2.get_config("addr")
-    host = addr.split("@")[1]
+    host = addr.split("@")[1].strip("[").strip("]")
     pw = user2.get_config("mail_pw")
     mailbox = imap_tools.MailBox(host, ssl_context=ssl_context)
     mailbox.login(addr, pw)

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/plugin.py

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import imaplib
-import ipaddress
 import itertools
 import os
 import random
@@ -10,19 +9,20 @@ import time
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
-from chatmaild.config import read_config
+from chatmaild.config import is_valid_ipv4, read_config
+from domain_validator import DomainValidator
+
+
+def format_mail_domain(raw_domain: str) -> str:
+    if is_valid_ipv4(raw_domain):
+        return f"[{raw_domain}]"
+    DomainValidator().validate_domain_re(raw_domain)
+    return raw_domain
+
 
 conftestdir = Path(__file__).parent
 
 
-def _is_ip(domain):
-    try:
-        ipaddress.ip_address(domain)
-        return True
-    except ValueError:
-        return False
-
-
 def pytest_configure(config):
     config._benchresults = {}
     config.addinivalue_line(
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def chatmail_config(pytestconfig):
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def maildomain(chatmail_config):
-    return chatmail_config.mail_domain
+    return chatmail_config.mail_domain_bare
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
@@ -278,7 +278,6 @@ def gencreds(chatmail_config):
 
     def gen(domain=None):
         domain = domain if domain else chatmail_config.mail_domain
-        addr_domain = f"[{domain}]" if _is_ip(domain) else domain
         while 1:
             num = next(count)
             alphanumeric = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890"
@@ -292,7 +291,7 @@ def gencreds(chatmail_config):
             password = "".join(
                 random.choices(alphanumeric, k=chatmail_config.password_min_length)
             )
-            yield f"{user}@{addr_domain}", f"{password}"
+            yield f"{user}@{domain}", f"{password}"
 
     return lambda domain=None: next(gen(domain))
 
@@ -317,7 +316,8 @@ class ChatmailACFactory:
 
     def _make_transport(self, domain):
         """Build a transport config dict for the given domain."""
-        addr, password = self.gencreds(domain)
+        domain_deliverable = format_mail_domain(domain)
+        addr, password = self.gencreds(domain_deliverable)
         transport = {
             "addr": addr,
             "password": password,
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ class ChatmailACFactory:
             "imapServer": domain,
             "smtpServer": domain,
         }
-        if self.chatmail_config.tls_cert_mode == "self":
+        if domain.startswith("_") or is_valid_ipv4(domain):
             transport["certificateChecks"] = "acceptInvalidCertificates"
         return transport
 
@@ -341,8 +341,9 @@ class ChatmailACFactory:
         accounts = []
         for _ in range(num):
             account = self.dc.add_account()
-            addr, password = self.gencreds(domain)
+            domain_deliverable = format_mail_domain(domain)
-            if _is_ip(domain):
+            addr, password = self.gencreds(domain_deliverable)
+            if is_valid_ipv4(domain):
                 # Use DCLOGIN scheme with explicit server hosts,
                 # matching how madmail presents its addresses to users.
                 qr = (
@@ -416,10 +417,10 @@ class Remote:
     def iter_output(self, logcmd="", ready=None):
         getjournal = "journalctl -f" if not logcmd else logcmd
         print(self.sshdomain)
-        match self.sshdomain:
+        if self.sshdomain in ("@local", "localhost"):
-            case "@local": command = []
+            command = []
-            case "localhost": command = []
+        else:
-            case _: command = ["ssh", f"root@{self.sshdomain}"]
+            command = ["ssh", f"root@{self.sshdomain}"]
         [command.append(arg) for arg in getjournal.split()]
         popen = subprocess.Popen(
             command,
@@ -466,6 +467,11 @@ def cmsetup(maildomain, gencreds, ssl_context):
     return CMSetup(maildomain, gencreds, ssl_context)
 
 
+@pytest.fixture
+def cmsetup2(maildomain2, gencreds, ssl_context):
+    return CMSetup(maildomain2, gencreds, ssl_context)
+
+
 class CMSetup:
     def __init__(self, maildomain, gencreds, ssl_context):
         self.maildomain = maildomain
@@ -476,7 +482,7 @@ class CMSetup:
         print(f"Creating {num} online users")
         users = []
         for i in range(num):
-            addr, password = self.gencreds()
+            addr, password = self.gencreds(format_mail_domain(self.maildomain))
             user = CMUser(self.maildomain, addr, password, self.ssl_context)
             assert user.smtp
             users.append(user)

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/test_basedeploy.py

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+from cmdeploy.basedeploy import Deployer
+
+
+def test_put_file_restart_and_reload():
+    deployer = Deployer()
+    mock_res = MagicMock()
+    mock_res.changed = True
+
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.files.put", return_value=mock_res):
+        deployer.put_file("foo.conf", "/etc/foo.conf")
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+        assert deployer.daemon_reload is False
+
+        deployer = Deployer()
+
+        deployer.put_file("test.service", "/etc/systemd/system/test.service")
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+        assert deployer.daemon_reload is True
+
+
+def test_remove_file():
+    deployer = Deployer()
+    mock_res = MagicMock()
+    mock_res.changed = True
+
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.files.file", return_value=mock_res) as mock_file:
+        deployer.remove_file("/etc/foo.conf")
+        mock_file.assert_called_once_with(
+            name="Remove /etc/foo.conf", path="/etc/foo.conf", present=False
+        )
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+
+
+def test_ensure_systemd_unit():
+    deployer = Deployer()
+    mock_res = MagicMock()
+    mock_res.changed = True
+
+    # Plain service file
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.files.put", return_value=mock_res) as mock_put:
+        deployer.ensure_systemd_unit("iroh-relay.service")
+        assert (
+            mock_put.call_args.kwargs["dest"]
+            == "/etc/systemd/system/iroh-relay.service"
+        )
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+        assert deployer.daemon_reload is True
+
+    deployer = Deployer()
+
+    # Template (.j2) dispatches to put_template and strips .j2 suffix
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.files.template", return_value=mock_res) as mock_tpl:
+        deployer.ensure_systemd_unit(
+            "filtermail/chatmaild.service.j2",
+            bin_path="/usr/local/bin/filtermail",
+        )
+        assert (
+            mock_tpl.call_args.kwargs["dest"] == "/etc/systemd/system/chatmaild.service"
+        )
+
+    deployer = Deployer()
+
+    # Explicit dest_name override
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.files.put", return_value=mock_res) as mock_put:
+        deployer.ensure_systemd_unit(
+            "acmetool/acmetool-reconcile.timer",
+            dest_name="acmetool-reconcile.timer",
+        )
+        assert (
+            mock_put.call_args.kwargs["dest"]
+            == "/etc/systemd/system/acmetool-reconcile.timer"
+        )
+
+
+def test_ensure_service():
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.systemd.service") as mock_svc:
+        deployer = Deployer()
+        deployer.need_restart = True
+        deployer.daemon_reload = True
+        deployer.ensure_service("nginx.service")
+        mock_svc.assert_called_once_with(
+            name="Start and enable nginx.service",
+            service="nginx.service",
+            running=True,
+            enabled=True,
+            restarted=True,
+            daemon_reload=True,
+        )
+        # daemon_reload is cleared to avoid multiple systemctl daemon-reload calls
+        # need_restart is kept to ensure all subsequent services also restart
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+        assert deployer.daemon_reload is False
+
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.systemd.service") as mock_svc:
+        # Stopping suppresses restarted even when need_restart is True
+        deployer = Deployer()
+        deployer.need_restart = True
+        deployer.daemon_reload = True
+        deployer.ensure_service(
+            "mta-sts-daemon.service",
+            running=False,
+            enabled=False,
+        )
+        assert mock_svc.call_args.kwargs["restarted"] is False
+        assert deployer.need_restart is True
+
+    with patch("cmdeploy.basedeploy.systemd.service") as mock_svc:
+        # Multiple calls: daemon_reload resets after first, need_restart persists
+        deployer = Deployer()
+        deployer.need_restart = True
+        deployer.daemon_reload = True
+        deployer.ensure_service("chatmaild.service")
+        deployer.ensure_service("chatmaild-metadata.service")
+        second_call = mock_svc.call_args_list[1]
+        assert second_call.kwargs["restarted"] is True
+        assert second_call.kwargs["daemon_reload"] is False

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/test_cmdeploy.py

@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@ class TestCmdline:
         out, err = capsys.readouterr()
         assert "deleting config file" in out.lower()
 
+    def test_dns_skip_on_ip(self, capsys, tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+        monkeypatch.delenv("CHATMAIL_INI", raising=False)
+        inipath = tmp_path / "chatmail.ini"
+        assert main(["init", "--config", str(inipath), "1.3.3.7"]) == 0
+        assert main(["dns", "--config", str(inipath)]) == 0
+        out, err = capsys.readouterr()
+        assert out == "[WARNING] 1.3.3.7 is not a domain, skipping DNS checks.\n"
+
 
 def test_www_folder(example_config, tmp_path):
     reporoot = importlib.resources.files(__package__).joinpath("../../../../").resolve()

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/test_dns.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import pytest
 
 from cmdeploy import remote
 from cmdeploy.dns import check_full_zone, check_initial_remote_data, parse_zone_records
+from cmdeploy.remote.rdns import get_authoritative_ns
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -14,11 +15,15 @@ def mockdns_base(monkeypatch):
         if command.startswith("dig"):
             if command == "dig":
                 return "."
-            if "SOA" in command:
+            if "with.public.soa" in command and "NS" in command:
+                return "domain.with.public.soa. 2419 IN NS ns1.first-ns.de."
+            if "with.hidden.soa" in command and "NS" in command:
                 return (
-                    "delta.chat. 21600 IN SOA ns1.first-ns.de. dns.hetzner.com."
+                    "domain.with.hidden.soa. 2137 IN NS ns1.desec.io.\n"
-                    " 2025102800 14400 1800 604800 3600"
+                    "domain.with.hidden.soa. 2137 IN NS ns2.desec.org."
                 )
+            if "NS" in command:
+                return "delta.chat. 21600 IN NS ns1.first-ns.de."
             command_chunks = command.split()
             domain, typ = command_chunks[4], command_chunks[6]
             try:
@@ -125,6 +130,17 @@ class TestPerformInitialChecks:
         assert not l
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("domain", "ns"),
+    [
+        ("domain.with.public.soa", "ns1.first-ns.de."),
+        ("domain.with.hidden.soa", "ns1.desec.io."),
+    ],
+)
+def test_get_authoritative_ns(domain, ns, mockdns):
+    assert get_authoritative_ns(domain) == ns
+
+
 def test_parse_zone_records():
     text = """
     ; This is a comment

cmdeploy/src/cmdeploy/tests/test_dovecot_deployer.py

@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ def make_host(*fact_pairs):
         if cls not in facts:
             registered = ", ".join(c.__name__ for c in facts)
             raise LookupError(
-                f"unexpected get_fact({cls.__name__}); "
+                f"unexpected get_fact({cls.__name__}); only registered: {registered}"
-                f"only registered: {registered}"
             )
         return facts[cls]
 

doc/source/faq.rst

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ goes beyond what classic email servers offer:
    streaming, privacy-preserving Push Notifications for Apple, Google, and `Ubuntu Touch <https://docs.ubports.com/en/latest/appdev/guides/pushnotifications.html>`_;
 
 -  **Security Enforcement**: only strict TLS, DKIM and OpenPGP with minimized metadata accepted
+   (DKIM is not enforced on :ref:`IP-only relays <iponly>`)
 
 -  **Reliable Federation and Decentralization:** No spam or IP reputation checks, federating
    depends on established IETF standards and protocols.
@@ -47,6 +48,28 @@ Dovecot, and are configured to run unattended without much maintenance
 effort. Chatmail relays happily run on low-end hardware like a Raspberry
 Pi.
 
+.. _upgrade:
+
+How can I upgrade my chatmail relay?
+------------------------------------
+
+To upgrade to the latest ``main`` branch,
+``cd`` into your local checkout of `https://github.com/chatmail/relay/`_
+and run the following commands:
+
+   ::
+
+       git pull origin main --rebase --autostash
+       scripts/cmdeploy run
+
+If you don't want the latest development version,
+but a specific tagged release like `1.10.0 <https://github.com/chatmail/relay/releases/tag/1.10.0>`_,
+run ``git pull origin 1.10.0`` instead.
+
+If you made local changes for your setup,
+they will be reapplied as long as they don't conflict with the upgrade.
+If a conflict arises, ``git status`` will tell you how to resolve it.
+
 
 How trustable are chatmail relays?
 ----------------------------------

doc/source/getting_started.rst

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@ Minimal requirements and prerequisites
 
 You will need the following:
 
--  Control over a domain through a DNS provider of your choice.
-
 -  A Debian 12 **deployment server** with reachable SMTP/SUBMISSIONS/IMAPS/HTTPS ports.
    IPv6 is encouraged if available. Chatmail relay servers only require
    1GB RAM, one CPU, and perhaps 10GB storage for a few thousand active
@@ -28,6 +26,11 @@ You will need the following:
    (An ed25519 private key is required due to an `upstream bug in
    paramiko <https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko/issues/2191>`_)
 
+-  Control over a domain through a DNS provider of your choice
+   (there is experimental support for :ref:`IP-only relays <iponly>`).
+
+
+.. _setup:
 
 Setup with ``scripts/cmdeploy``
 -------------------------------------
@@ -98,6 +101,15 @@ steps. Please substitute it with your own domain.
    configure at your DNS provider (it can take some time until they are
    public).
 
+
+
+Docker installation
+-------------------
+
+There is experimental support for running chatmail via Docker.
+A monolithic image based on the above cmdeploy method is available `through a separate repository <https://github.com/chatmail/docker/pkgs/container/docker>`_.
+See the `chatmail/docker README <https://github.com/chatmail/docker>`_ for full setup instructions.
+
 Other helpful commands
 ----------------------
 

doc/source/index.rst

@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@ Contributions and feedback welcome through the https://github.com/chatmail/relay
     reverse_dns
     related
     faq
+    iponly

doc/source/iponly.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+.. _iponly:
+
+Hosting without DNS records
+===========================
+
+.. note::
+
+   This option is experimental and might change without notice.
+
+In case you don't have a domain,
+for example in a local network,
+you can run a chatmail relay with only an IPv4 address as well.
+
+To deploy a relay without a domain,
+run ``cmdeploy init`` with only the IPv4 address
+during the :ref:`installation steps <setup>`,
+for example ``cmdeploy init 13.12.23.42``.
+
+Drawbacks
+---------
+
+- your transport encryption will only use self-signed TLS certificates,
+  which are vulnerable against MITM attacks.
+  the chatmail core's end-to-end encryption should suffice in most scenarios though.
+
+- your messages will not be DKIM-signed;
+  experimentally, most chatmail relays accept non-DKIM-signed messages from IP-only relays,
+  but some relays might not accept messages from yours.
+
+
+Email addresses
+---------------
+
+When running without a domain,
+your chatmail addresses will use the IPv4 address
+in brackets as the domain part,
+for example ``user@[13.12.23.42]``.
+This is a valid email address format
+according to :rfc:`5321`.
+

doc/source/overview.rst

@@ -265,7 +265,8 @@ from the chatmail relay server.
 Email domain authentication (DKIM)
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-Chatmail relays enforce :rfc:`DKIM <6376>` to authenticate incoming emails.
+Chatmail relays enforce :rfc:`DKIM <6376>` to authenticate incoming emails
+(except for :ref:`IP-only relays <iponly>`).
 Incoming emails must have a valid DKIM signature with
 Signing Domain Identifier (SDID, ``d=`` parameter in the DKIM-Signature
 header) equal to the ``From:`` header domain. This property is checked