M365FoundationsCISReport/source/Public/Invoke-M365SecurityAudit.ps1

<#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Invokes a security audit for Microsoft 365 environments.
    .DESCRIPTION
    The Invoke-M365SecurityAudit cmdlet performs a comprehensive security audit based on the specified parameters. It allows auditing of various configurations and settings within a Microsoft 365 environment, such as compliance with CIS benchmarks.
    .PARAMETER TenantAdminUrl
    The URL of the tenant admin. If not specified, none of the SharePoint Online tests will run.
    .PARAMETER M365DomainForPWPolicyTest
    The domain name of the Microsoft 365 environment to test. This parameter is not mandatory and by default it will pass/fail all found domains as a group if a specific domain is not specified.
    .PARAMETER ELevel
    Specifies the E-Level (E3 or E5) for the audit. This parameter is optional and can be combined with the ProfileLevel parameter.
    .PARAMETER ProfileLevel
    Specifies the profile level (L1 or L2) for the audit. This parameter is optional and can be combined with the ELevel parameter.
    .PARAMETER IncludeIG1
    If specified, includes tests where IG1 is true.
    .PARAMETER IncludeIG2
    If specified, includes tests where IG2 is true.
    .PARAMETER IncludeIG3
    If specified, includes tests where IG3 is true.
    .PARAMETER IncludeRecommendation
    Specifies specific recommendations to include in the audit. Accepts an array of recommendation numbers.
    .PARAMETER SkipRecommendation
    Specifies specific recommendations to exclude from the audit. Accepts an array of recommendation numbers.
    .PARAMETER DoNotConnect
    If specified, the cmdlet will not establish a connection to Microsoft 365 services.
    .PARAMETER DoNotDisconnect
    If specified, the cmdlet will not disconnect from Microsoft 365 services after execution.
    .PARAMETER NoModuleCheck
    If specified, the cmdlet will not check for the presence of required modules.
    .EXAMPLE
    PS> Invoke-M365SecurityAudit -TenantAdminUrl "https://contoso-admin.sharepoint.com" -M365DomainForPWPolicyTest "contoso.com" -ELevel "E5" -ProfileLevel "L1"
    Performs a security audit for the E5 level and L1 profile in the specified Microsoft 365 environment.
    .EXAMPLE
    PS> Invoke-M365SecurityAudit -TenantAdminUrl "https://contoso-admin.sharepoint.com" -M365DomainForPWPolicyTest "contoso.com" -IncludeIG1
    Performs an audit including all tests where IG1 is true.
    .EXAMPLE
    PS> Invoke-M365SecurityAudit -TenantAdminUrl "https://contoso-admin.sharepoint.com" -M365DomainForPWPolicyTest "contoso.com" -SkipRecommendation '1.1.3', '2.1.1'
    Performs an audit while excluding specific recommendations 1.1.3 and 2.1.1.
    .EXAMPLE
    PS> $auditResults = Invoke-M365SecurityAudit -TenantAdminUrl "https://contoso-admin.sharepoint.com" -M365DomainForPWPolicyTest "contoso.com"
    PS> $auditResults | Export-Csv -Path "auditResults.csv" -NoTypeInformation
    Captures the audit results into a variable and exports them to a CSV file.
    .INPUTS
    None. You cannot pipe objects to Invoke-M365SecurityAudit.
    .OUTPUTS
    CISAuditResult[]
    The cmdlet returns an array of CISAuditResult objects representing the results of the security audit.
    .NOTES
    - This module is based on CIS benchmarks.
    - Governed by the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
    - Commercial use is not permitted. This module cannot be sold or used for commercial purposes.
    - Modifications and sharing are allowed under the same license.
    - For full license details, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en
    - Register for CIS Benchmarks at: https://www.cisecurity.org/cis-benchmarks
    .LINK
    https://criticalsolutionsnetwork.github.io/M365FoundationsCISReport/#Invoke-M365SecurityAudit
#>

function Invoke-M365SecurityAudit {
    [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true, DefaultParameterSetName = 'Default')]
    [OutputType([CISAuditResult[]])]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = "The SharePoint tenant admin URL, which should end with '-admin.sharepoint.com'. If not specified none of the Sharepoint Online tests will run.")]
        [ValidatePattern('^https://[a-zA-Z0-9-]+-admin\.sharepoint\.com$')]
        [string]$TenantAdminUrl,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, HelpMessage = "All domains tested unless you Specify this to test only the selected domain for password expiration policy when '1.3.1' is included in the tests to be run. The domain name of your organization, e.g., 'example.com'.")]
        [ValidatePattern('^[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$')]
        [string]$M365DomainForPWPolicyTest,

        # E-Level with optional ProfileLevel selection
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'ELevelFilter')]
        [ValidateSet('E3', 'E5')]
        [string]$ELevel,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'ELevelFilter')]
        [ValidateSet('L1', 'L2')]
        [string]$ProfileLevel,

        # IG Filters, one at a time
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'IG1Filter')]
        [switch]$IncludeIG1,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'IG2Filter')]
        [switch]$IncludeIG2,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'IG3Filter')]
        [switch]$IncludeIG3,

        # Inclusion of specific recommendation numbers
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'RecFilter')]
        [ValidateSet(
            '1.1.1', '1.1.3', '1.2.1', '1.2.2', '1.3.1', '1.3.3', '1.3.6', '2.1.1', '2.1.2', `
            '2.1.3', '2.1.4', '2.1.5', '2.1.6', '2.1.7', '2.1.9', '3.1.1', '5.1.2.3', `
            '5.1.8.1', '6.1.1', '6.1.2', '6.1.3', '6.2.1', '6.2.2', '6.2.3', '6.3.1', `
            '6.5.1', '6.5.2', '6.5.3', '7.2.1', '7.2.10', '7.2.2', '7.2.3', '7.2.4', `
            '7.2.5', '7.2.6', '7.2.7', '7.2.9', '7.3.1', '7.3.2', '7.3.4', '8.1.1', `
            '8.1.2', '8.2.1', '8.5.1', '8.5.2', '8.5.3', '8.5.4', '8.5.5', '8.5.6', `
            '8.5.7', '8.6.1'
        )]
        [string[]]$IncludeRecommendation,

        # Exclusion of specific recommendation numbers
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = 'SkipRecFilter')]
        [ValidateSet(
            '1.1.1', '1.1.3', '1.2.1', '1.2.2', '1.3.1', '1.3.3', '1.3.6', '2.1.1', '2.1.2', `
            '2.1.3', '2.1.4', '2.1.5', '2.1.6', '2.1.7', '2.1.9', '3.1.1', '5.1.2.3', `
            '5.1.8.1', '6.1.1', '6.1.2', '6.1.3', '6.2.1', '6.2.2', '6.2.3', '6.3.1', `
            '6.5.1', '6.5.2', '6.5.3', '7.2.1', '7.2.10', '7.2.2', '7.2.3', '7.2.4', `
            '7.2.5', '7.2.6', '7.2.7', '7.2.9', '7.3.1', '7.3.2', '7.3.4', '8.1.1', `
            '8.1.2', '8.2.1', '8.5.1', '8.5.2', '8.5.3', '8.5.4', '8.5.5', '8.5.6', `
            '8.5.7', '8.6.1'
        )]
        [string[]]$SkipRecommendation,

        # Common parameters for all parameter sets
        [switch]$DoNotConnect,
        [switch]$DoNotDisconnect,
        [switch]$NoModuleCheck
    )

    Begin {
        if ($script:MaximumFunctionCount -lt 8192) {
            $script:MaximumFunctionCount = 8192
        }
        # Ensure required modules are installed
        if (!($NoModuleCheck)) {
            $requiredModules = Get-RequiredModule -AuditFunction
            foreach ($module in $requiredModules) {
                Assert-ModuleAvailability -ModuleName $module.ModuleName -RequiredVersion $module.RequiredVersion -SubModuleName $module.SubModuleName
            }
        }
        # Load test definitions from CSV
        $testDefinitionsPath = Join-Path -Path $PSScriptRoot -ChildPath "helper\TestDefinitions.csv"
        $testDefinitions = Import-Csv -Path $testDefinitionsPath
        # Load the Test Definitions into the script scope for use in other functions
        $script:TestDefinitionsObject = $testDefinitions

        # Apply filters based on parameter sets
        $params = @{
            TestDefinitions       = $testDefinitions
            ParameterSetName      = $PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName
            ELevel                = $ELevel
            ProfileLevel          = $ProfileLevel
            IncludeRecommendation = $IncludeRecommendation
            SkipRecommendation    = $SkipRecommendation
        }
        $testDefinitions = Get-TestDefinitionsObject @params
        # Extract unique connections needed
        $requiredConnections = $testDefinitions.Connection | Sort-Object -Unique
        if ($requiredConnections -contains 'SPO'){
            if (-not $TenantAdminUrl) {
                $requiredConnections = $requiredConnections | Where-Object { $_ -ne 'SPO' }
                $testDefinitions = $testDefinitions | Where-Object { $_.Connection -ne 'SPO' }
                if ($null -eq $testDefinitions) {
                    throw "No tests to run as no SharePoint Online tests are available."
                }
            }
        }
        # Establishing connections if required
        if (!($DoNotConnect)) {
            Connect-M365Suite -TenantAdminUrl $TenantAdminUrl -RequiredConnections $requiredConnections
        }
        # Determine which test files to load based on filtering
        $testsToLoad = $testDefinitions.TestFileName | ForEach-Object { $_ -replace '.ps1$', '' }
        Write-Verbose "The $(($testsToLoad).count) test/s that would be loaded based on filter criteria:"
        $testsToLoad | ForEach-Object { Write-Verbose " $_" }
        # Initialize a collection to hold failed test details
        $script:FailedTests = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
    } # End Begin
    Process {
        $allAuditResults = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new() # Initialize a collection to hold all results
        # Dynamically dot-source the test scripts
        $testsFolderPath = Join-Path -Path $PSScriptRoot -ChildPath "tests"
        $testFiles = Get-ChildItem -Path $testsFolderPath -Filter "Test-*.ps1" |
        Where-Object { $testsToLoad -contains $_.BaseName }

        $totalTests = $testFiles.Count
        $currentTestIndex = 0

        # Import the test functions
        $testFiles | ForEach-Object {
            $currentTestIndex++
            Write-Progress -Activity "Loading Test Scripts" -Status "Loading $($currentTestIndex) of $($totalTests): $($_.Name)" -PercentComplete (($currentTestIndex / $totalTests) * 100)
            Try {
                # Dot source the test function
                . $_.FullName
            }
            Catch {
                # Log the error and add the test to the failed tests collection
                Write-Error "Failed to load test function $($_.Name): $_"
                $script:FailedTests.Add([PSCustomObject]@{ Test = $_.Name; Error = $_ })
            }
        }

        $currentTestIndex = 0
        # Execute each test function from the prepared list
        foreach ($testFunction in $testFiles) {
            $currentTestIndex++
            Write-Progress -Activity "Executing Tests" -Status "Executing $($currentTestIndex) of $($totalTests): $($testFunction.Name)" -PercentComplete (($currentTestIndex / $totalTests) * 100)
            $functionName = $testFunction.BaseName
            if ($PSCmdlet.ShouldProcess($functionName, "Execute test")) {
                $auditResult = Invoke-TestFunction -FunctionFile $testFunction -DomainName $M365DomainForPWPolicyTest
                # Add the result to the collection
                [void]$allAuditResults.Add($auditResult)
            }
        }
    }

    End {
        if (!($DoNotDisconnect)) {
            # Clean up sessions
            Disconnect-M365Suite -RequiredConnections $requiredConnections
        }
        # Call the private function to calculate and display results
        Measure-AuditResult -AllAuditResults $allAuditResults -FailedTests $script:FailedTests
        # Return all collected audit results
        return $allAuditResults.ToArray() | Sort-Object -Property Rec
    }
}