hotfix(v1.7.8): restore CORS wildcard and fix CSP for MSAL auth

- Revert automatic CORS wildcard stripping that broke production deployments
  with CORS_ORIGINS=* (now logs a warning but preserves the config)
- Expand CSP headers to allow MSAL auth flows:
  - connect-src: login.microsoftonline.com
  - frame-src: login.microsoftonline.com
  - form-action: login.microsoftonline.com

.env.example

@@ -58,6 +58,16 @@ REDIS_URL=redis://localhost:6379/0
 # UI default page size (number of events shown per page)
 DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE=24
 
+# Alert notifications (optional)
+# Send triggered admin-ops alerts to a webhook (Slack, Teams, or generic)
+ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL=
+ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT=generic  # generic | slack | teams
+ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES=15
+
+# Webhook security (optional but strongly recommended)
+# Set this to the same clientState used when creating Graph subscriptions
+WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET=
+
 # Optional: privacy / access control
 # Hide entire services from users without PRIVACY_SERVICE_ROLES
 # PRIVACY_SERVICES=Exchange,Teams

RELEASE_NOTES_v1.7.7.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# AOC v1.7.7 Release Notes
+
+**Release date:** 2026-04-24
+
+---
+
+## Security Hardening
+
+This release is a focused security patch addressing findings from an internal audit. All users running AOC in production are encouraged to upgrade.
+
+### Webhook authentication (`/api/webhooks/graph`)
+- **ClientState validation** — Notifications now require a matching `WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET`. Set this in your `.env` to the same value used when creating Graph subscriptions.
+- Rejects spoofed notification payloads with `401 Unauthorized`.
+
+### Rate limiting
+- **Redis-backed fixed-window rate limiting** is now enabled by default.
+- Per-category limits:
+  - `/api/fetch-audit-logs` — 10 requests/hour
+  - `/api/ask` — 30 requests/minute
+  - `/api/events/bulk-tags` — 20 requests/minute
+  - All other endpoints — 120 requests/minute
+- Returns `429 Too Many Requests` with a `Retry-After` header when exceeded.
+
+### SSRF protection for LLM calls
+- `LLM_BASE_URL` is now validated before every outbound request.
+- Blocks non-HTTPS URLs, localhost, link-local addresses (`169.254.169.254`), and all private IP ranges.
+
+### CORS enforcement
+- Wildcard (`*`) origins are **automatically stripped** when `AUTH_ENABLED=true`.
+- A startup warning is logged if an insecure CORS configuration is detected.
+
+### Content Security Policy
+- API and HTML responses now include a `Content-Security-Policy` header.
+- Restricts script sources to self, CDN origins, and MSAL auth library.
+
+### Audit trail integrity
+- The audit middleware no longer parses JWT tokens without signature verification.
+- Verified claims are now propagated safely via `contextvars`, eliminating audit log poisoning.
+
+### Standalone MCP server
+- Prints a prominent security warning on startup reminding operators that the stdio transport has no authentication layer.
+
+---
+
+## Operational Improvements
+
+### Bulk tag cap
+- `POST /api/events/bulk-tags` now refuses to update more than **10,000 events** in a single request.
+- Returns `400` with guidance to narrow filters.
+
+### Generic error responses
+- Internal exception details are no longer leaked in HTTP 500/502 responses.
+- Full stack traces remain in server-side logs.
+
+### Alert rule schema
+- `conditions` field now uses a strict Pydantic model (`AlertCondition`) instead of an unconstrained `list[dict]`.
+- Prevents stored data pollution from malformed rule payloads.
+
+### Docker Compose
+- MongoDB (`27017`) and Redis (`6379`) ports are no longer forwarded to the Docker host.
+- Internal services are reachable only via the Docker network.
+
+---
+
+## Configuration
+
+Add to your `.env`:
+
+```bash
+# Required if you use Graph webhooks
+WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET=your-random-secret
+
+# Optional: disable rate limiting (not recommended)
+RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED=true
+RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS=120
+RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS=60
+```
+
+---
+
+## Upgrade notes
+
+**No breaking changes.** Existing event data, tags, comments, and saved searches are preserved.
+
+After pulling:
+
+```bash
+export AOC_VERSION=v1.7.7
+docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml pull
+docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
+```
+
+---
+
+## Docker image
+
+```
+git.cqre.net/cqrenet/aoc-backend:v1.7.7
+```

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.6.4
+1.7.8

backend/auth.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import contextvars
 import time
 
 import requests
@@ -15,6 +16,9 @@ from fastapi import Header, HTTPException
 from jwt import ExpiredSignatureError, InvalidTokenError, decode
 from jwt.algorithms import RSAAlgorithm
 
+# Thread-/task-local storage for verified auth claims (used by audit middleware)
+_auth_context: contextvars.ContextVar[dict | None] = contextvars.ContextVar("auth_context", default=None)
+
 JWKS_CACHE = {"exp": 0, "keys": []}
 logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.auth")
 
@@ -94,7 +98,9 @@ def user_can_access_privacy_services(claims: dict) -> bool:
 
 def require_auth(authorization: str | None = Header(None)):
     if not AUTH_ENABLED:
-        return {"sub": "anonymous"}
+        user = {"sub": "anonymous"}
+        _auth_context.set(user)
+        return user
 
     if not authorization or not authorization.lower().startswith("bearer "):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Missing bearer token")
@@ -106,4 +112,5 @@ def require_auth(authorization: str | None = Header(None)):
     if not _allowed(claims, AUTH_ALLOWED_ROLES, AUTH_ALLOWED_GROUPS):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="Forbidden")
 
+    _auth_context.set(claims)
     return claims

backend/config.py

@@ -63,6 +63,19 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     # UI defaults
     DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE: int = 24
 
+    # Alert notifications
+    ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL: str = ""
+    ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT: str = "generic"  # generic | slack | teams
+    ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES: int = 15
+
+    # Webhook security
+    WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET: str = ""
+
+    # Rate limiting
+    RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED: bool = True
+    RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS: int = 120
+    RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS: int = 60
+
 
 _settings = Settings()
 
@@ -104,3 +117,13 @@ PRIVACY_SERVICE_ROLES = {r.strip() for r in _settings.PRIVACY_SERVICE_ROLES.spli
 
 REDIS_URL = _settings.REDIS_URL
 DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = _settings.DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
+
+ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL = _settings.ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL
+ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT = _settings.ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT
+ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES = _settings.ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES
+
+WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET = _settings.WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET
+
+RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED = _settings.RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED
+RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS = _settings.RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS
+RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS = _settings.RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS

backend/database.py

@@ -8,9 +8,24 @@ client = MongoClient(MONGO_URI or "mongodb://localhost:27017")
 db = client[DB_NAME]
 events_collection = db["events"]
 saved_searches_collection = db["saved_searches"]
+alerts_collection = db["alerts"]
 logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.database")
 
 
+def _dedupe_alert_rules():
+    """Remove duplicate alert_rules by name, keeping the oldest document."""
+    try:
+        pipeline = [
+            {"$sort": {"_id": ASCENDING}},
+            {"$group": {"_id": "$name", "first_id": {"$first": "$_id"}}},
+        ]
+        seen = {doc["_id"]: doc["first_id"] for doc in db["alert_rules"].aggregate(pipeline)}
+        for name, keep_id in seen.items():
+            db["alert_rules"].delete_many({"name": name, "_id": {"$ne": keep_id}})
+    except Exception:
+        pass  # Collection may not exist yet
+
+
 def setup_indexes(max_retries: int = 5, delay: float = 2.0):
     """Ensure MongoDB indexes exist. Retries on connection errors."""
     from time import sleep
@@ -22,6 +37,8 @@ def setup_indexes(max_retries: int = 5, delay: float = 2.0):
             events_collection.create_index([("service", ASCENDING), ("timestamp", DESCENDING)])
             events_collection.create_index("id")
             saved_searches_collection.create_index([("created_by", ASCENDING), ("created_at", DESCENDING)])
+            _dedupe_alert_rules()
+            db["alert_rules"].create_index("name", unique=True)
             events_collection.create_index(
                 [("actor_display", TEXT), ("raw_text", TEXT), ("operation", TEXT)],
                 name="text_search_index",

backend/frontend/index.html

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
   <meta charset="UTF-8" />
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
   <title>Admin Operations Center</title>
-  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css?v=12" />
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/style.css?v=15" />
   <script defer src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/alpinejs@3.x.x/dist/cdn.min.js"></script>
   <script src="https://alcdn.msauth.net/browser/2.37.0/js/msal-browser.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
 </head>
@@ -47,11 +47,20 @@
         <h1>Audit Log Explorer</h1>
         <p class="lede">Search and review Microsoft audit events from Entra, Intune, Exchange, SharePoint, and Teams.</p>
       </div>
+      <div class="alert-summary" x-show="alertSummary.total_open > 0">
+        <div class="alert-badge alert-badge--high" x-show="alertSummary.high > 0" x-text="alertSummary.high"></div>
+        <div class="alert-badge alert-badge--medium" x-show="alertSummary.medium > 0" x-text="alertSummary.medium"></div>
+        <div class="alert-badge alert-badge--low" x-show="alertSummary.low > 0" x-text="alertSummary.low"></div>
+        <span class="alert-label">open alerts</span>
+      </div>
     </header>
 
     <section class="panel">
-      <h3>Source Health</h3>
-      <div class="source-health">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('sourceHealth')">
+        <h3>Source Health</h3>
+        <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.sourceHealth ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+      </div>
+      <div x-show="panelState.sourceHealth">
         <template x-for="src in sourceHealth" :key="src.source">
           <div class="health-card">
             <strong x-text="src.source"></strong>
@@ -65,7 +74,160 @@
     </section>
 
     <section class="panel">
-      <form id="filters" class="filters" @submit.prevent="resetPagination(); loadEvents()">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('alerts')">
+        <h3>Alerts</h3>
+        <div style="display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;">
+          <span x-text="`${alertSummary.total_open} open`" class="alert-open-count"></span>
+          <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.alerts ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div x-show="panelState.alerts">
+        <div class="alert-filters">
+        <select x-model="alertsFilter.status" @change="alertsPage = 1; loadAlerts()">
+          <option value="">All statuses</option>
+          <option value="open">Open</option>
+          <option value="acknowledged">Acknowledged</option>
+          <option value="resolved">Resolved</option>
+          <option value="false_positive">False Positive</option>
+        </select>
+        <select x-model="alertsFilter.severity" @change="alertsPage = 1; loadAlerts()">
+          <option value="">All severities</option>
+          <option value="high">High</option>
+          <option value="medium">Medium</option>
+          <option value="low">Low</option>
+        </select>
+      </div>
+      <div class="alerts-list" x-show="alerts.length > 0">
+        <template x-for="alert in alerts" :key="alert._id || alert.event_id">
+          <div class="alert-card" :class="'alert-card--' + alert.severity">
+            <div class="alert-card__meta">
+              <span class="pill" :class="alert.severity === 'high' ? 'pill--err' : (alert.severity === 'medium' ? 'pill--warn' : '')" x-text="alert.severity"></span>
+              <span class="pill" x-text="alert.status"></span>
+              <small x-text="new Date(alert.timestamp).toLocaleString()"></small>
+            </div>
+            <strong x-text="alert.rule_name"></strong>
+            <p x-text="alert.message"></p>
+            <div class="alert-card__actions">
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="updateAlertStatus(alert._id, 'acknowledged')" x-show="alert.status === 'open'">Acknowledge</button>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="updateAlertStatus(alert._id, 'resolved')" x-show="alert.status !== 'resolved' && alert.status !== 'false_positive'">Resolve</button>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="updateAlertStatus(alert._id, 'false_positive')" x-show="alert.status !== 'false_positive'">False Positive</button>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="updateAlertStatus(alert._id, 'open')" x-show="alert.status !== 'open'">Reopen</button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </template>
+      </div>
+      <div class="alerts-empty" x-show="alerts.length === 0">
+        <p>No alerts match the current filters. Alerts appear here when rules trigger during event ingestion.</p>
+      </div>
+      <div class="pagination" x-show="alertsTotal > 20">
+        <button type="button" :disabled="alertsPage === 1" @click="alertsPage--; loadAlerts()">Prev</button>
+        <span x-text="`Page ${alertsPage}`"></span>
+        <button type="button" :disabled="alertsPage * 20 >= alertsTotal" @click="alertsPage++; loadAlerts()">Next</button>
+      </div>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section class="panel">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('rules')">
+        <h3>Alert Rules</h3>
+        <div style="display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;">
+          <button type="button" class="btn--compact" @click.stop="openRuleEditor()">+ Add rule</button>
+          <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.rules ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div x-show="panelState.rules">
+        <div class="rules-list">
+        <template x-for="rule in rules" :key="rule.id">
+          <div class="rule-card" :class="rule.enabled ? '' : 'rule-card--disabled'">
+            <div class="rule-card__meta">
+              <span class="pill" :class="rule.severity === 'high' ? 'pill--err' : (rule.severity === 'medium' ? 'pill--warn' : '')" x-text="rule.severity"></span>
+              <label class="toggle-label">
+                <input type="checkbox" :checked="rule.enabled" @change="toggleRule(rule.id, $event.target.checked)">
+                <span x-text="rule.enabled ? 'On' : 'Off'"></span>
+              </label>
+            </div>
+            <strong x-text="rule.name"></strong>
+            <p x-text="rule.message"></p>
+            <div class="rule-card__conditions">
+              <template x-for="(cond, idx) in rule.conditions" :key="idx">
+                <span class="pill pill--tag" x-text="`${cond.field} ${cond.op} ${cond.value}`"></span>
+              </template>
+            </div>
+            <div class="rule-card__actions">
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="openRuleEditor(rule)">Edit</button>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="deleteRule(rule.id)">Delete</button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </template>
+      </div>
+      <div class="rules-empty" x-show="rules.length === 0">
+        <p>No custom rules yet. Pre-built admin-ops rules are active by default. Add your own rules to detect specific patterns.</p>
+      </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div id="ruleModal" class="modal hidden" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" :class="{ 'hidden': !ruleModalOpen }">
+        <div class="modal__content" style="max-width: 600px;">
+          <div class="modal__header">
+            <h3 x-text="ruleEditId ? 'Edit Rule' : 'New Rule'"></h3>
+            <button type="button" class="ghost" @click="ruleModalOpen = false">Close</button>
+          </div>
+          <form class="rule-form" @submit.prevent="saveRule()">
+            <label>
+              Name
+              <input type="text" x-model="ruleEdit.name" placeholder="e.g. Failed CA Policy" required />
+            </label>
+            <label>
+              Severity
+              <select x-model="ruleEdit.severity">
+                <option value="low">Low</option>
+                <option value="medium">Medium</option>
+                <option value="high">High</option>
+              </select>
+            </label>
+            <label>
+              Message
+              <textarea x-model="ruleEdit.message" placeholder="What should the alert say?" rows="2"></textarea>
+            </label>
+            <div class="rule-conditions">
+              <span>Conditions (all must match)</span>
+              <template x-for="(cond, idx) in ruleEdit.conditions" :key="idx">
+                <div class="condition-row">
+                  <input type="text" x-model="cond.field" placeholder="field" list="ruleFieldOptions" required />
+                  <select x-model="cond.op">
+                    <option value="eq">equals</option>
+                    <option value="neq">not equals</option>
+                    <option value="contains">contains</option>
+                    <option value="in">in list</option>
+                    <option value="after_hours">after hours</option>
+                  </select>
+                  <input type="text" x-model="cond.value" placeholder="value" :required="cond.op !== 'after_hours'" />
+                  <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="ruleEdit.conditions.splice(idx, 1)">−</button>
+                </div>
+              </template>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost btn--compact" @click="ruleEdit.conditions.push({field:'', op:'eq', value:''})">+ Add condition</button>
+            </div>
+            <datalist id="ruleFieldOptions">
+              <option value="service"></option>
+              <option value="operation"></option>
+              <option value="result"></option>
+              <option value="actor_display"></option>
+              <option value="timestamp"></option>
+            </datalist>
+            <div class="rule-form__actions">
+              <button type="submit">Save</button>
+              <button type="button" class="ghost" @click="ruleModalOpen = false">Cancel</button>
+            </div>
+          </form>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section class="panel">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('filters')">
+        <h3>Filters</h3>
+        <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.filters ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+      </div>
+      <form id="filters" class="filters" @submit.prevent="resetPagination(); loadEvents()" x-show="panelState.filters">
         <div class="filter-row">
           <label>
             User (name/UPN)
@@ -159,8 +321,11 @@
     </section>
 
     <section class="panel" x-show="aiFeaturesEnabled">
-      <h3>Ask a question</h3>
-      <form class="ask-form" @submit.prevent="askQuestion()">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('ask')">
+        <h3>Ask a question</h3>
+        <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.ask ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+      </div>
+      <form class="ask-form" @submit.prevent="askQuestion()" x-show="panelState.ask">
         <div class="ask-row">
           <input
             type="text"
@@ -202,11 +367,15 @@
     </section>
 
     <section class="panel">
-      <div class="panel-header">
+      <div class="panel-header panel-header--collapsible" @click="togglePanel('events')">
         <h2>Events</h2>
-        <span id="count" x-text="countText"></span>
+        <div style="display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;">
+          <span id="count" x-text="countText"></span>
+          <span class="panel-toggle" :class="panelState.events ? 'panel-toggle--open' : ''">▸</span>
+        </div>
       </div>
-      <div id="status" class="status" aria-live="polite" x-text="statusText"></div>
+      <div x-show="panelState.events">
+        <div id="status" class="status" aria-live="polite" x-text="statusText"></div>
       <div id="events" class="events">
         <template x-for="(evt, idx) in events" :key="evt._id || evt.id || idx">
           <article class="event">
@@ -246,6 +415,7 @@
         <span x-text="`Page ${cursorStack.length + 1}`"></span>
         <button type="button" id="nextPage" :disabled="!nextCursor" @click="goNext()">Next</button>
       </div>
+      </div>
     </section>
 
     <div id="modal" class="modal hidden" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-labelledby="modalTitle" :class="{ 'hidden': !modalOpen }">
@@ -307,12 +477,22 @@
         filters: {
           actor: '', selectedServices: [], search: '', operation: '', result: '', start: '', end: '', limit: 24, includeTags: '', excludeTags: '',
         },
+        panelState: { sourceHealth: true, alerts: true, rules: true, filters: true, ask: true, events: true },
         options: { actors: [], services: [], operations: [], results: [] },
         savedSearches: [],
         appVersion: '',
         repoUrl: 'https://git.cqre.net/cqrenet/aoc',
         docsUrl: 'https://git.cqre.net/cqrenet/aoc/src/branch/main/README.md',
         aiFeaturesEnabled: true,
+        alertSummary: { total_open: 0, high: 0, medium: 0, low: 0 },
+        alerts: [],
+        alertsTotal: 0,
+        alertsPage: 1,
+        alertsFilter: { status: 'open', severity: '' },
+        rules: [],
+        ruleModalOpen: false,
+        ruleEditId: null,
+        ruleEdit: { name: '', enabled: true, severity: 'medium', message: '', conditions: [] },
         askQuestionText: '',
         askLoading: false,
         askAnswer: '',
@@ -325,10 +505,14 @@
           await this.loadVersion();
           await this.initAuth();
           this.loadSavedFilters();
+          this.loadPanelState();
           if (!this.authConfig?.auth_enabled || this.accessToken) {
             await this.loadFilterOptions();
             await this.loadSavedSearches();
             await this.loadSourceHealth();
+            await this.loadAlertSummary();
+            await this.loadAlerts();
+            await this.loadRules();
             await this.loadEvents();
           }
         },
@@ -351,12 +535,33 @@
           } catch {}
         },
 
+        loadPanelState() {
+          try {
+            const saved = localStorage.getItem('aoc_panels');
+            if (saved) {
+              const parsed = JSON.parse(saved);
+              Object.keys(parsed).forEach((k) => { if (this.panelState[k] !== undefined) this.panelState[k] = parsed[k]; });
+            }
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        savePanelState() {
+          try {
+            localStorage.setItem('aoc_panels', JSON.stringify(this.panelState));
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        togglePanel(key) {
+          this.panelState[key] = !this.panelState[key];
+          this.savePanelState();
+        },
+
         async loadVersion() {
           try {
             const res = await fetch('/api/version');
             if (res.ok) {
               const body = await res.json();
-              this.appVersion = body.version || '';
+              this.appVersion = (body.version || '').replace(/^v/, '');
             }
           } catch {}
         },
@@ -686,6 +891,115 @@
           this.loadEvents();
         },
 
+        async loadAlertSummary() {
+          try {
+            const res = await fetch('/api/alerts/summary', { headers: this.authHeader() });
+            if (!res.ok) return;
+            const body = await res.json();
+            this.alertSummary.total_open = body.total_open || 0;
+            const sev = body.by_status_severity || [];
+            this.alertSummary.high = sev.filter((s) => s._id.severity === 'high' && s._id.status === 'open').reduce((a, b) => a + b.count, 0);
+            this.alertSummary.medium = sev.filter((s) => s._id.severity === 'medium' && s._id.status === 'open').reduce((a, b) => a + b.count, 0);
+            this.alertSummary.low = sev.filter((s) => s._id.severity === 'low' && s._id.status === 'open').reduce((a, b) => a + b.count, 0);
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        async loadAlerts() {
+          try {
+            const params = new URLSearchParams();
+            params.append('page_size', '20');
+            params.append('page', String(this.alertsPage));
+            if (this.alertsFilter.status) params.append('status', this.alertsFilter.status);
+            if (this.alertsFilter.severity) params.append('severity', this.alertsFilter.severity);
+            const res = await fetch(`/api/alerts?${params.toString()}`, { headers: this.authHeader() });
+            if (!res.ok) return;
+            const body = await res.json();
+            this.alerts = body.items || [];
+            this.alertsTotal = body.total || 0;
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        async updateAlertStatus(alertId, status) {
+          try {
+            const res = await fetch(`/api/alerts/${alertId}/status`, {
+              method: 'PATCH',
+              headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', ...this.authHeader() },
+              body: JSON.stringify({ status }),
+            });
+            if (res.ok) {
+              await this.loadAlerts();
+              await this.loadAlertSummary();
+            }
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        async loadRules() {
+          try {
+            const res = await fetch('/api/rules', { headers: this.authHeader() });
+            if (!res.ok) return;
+            this.rules = await res.json();
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        openRuleEditor(rule) {
+          if (rule) {
+            this.ruleEditId = rule.id;
+            this.ruleEdit = {
+              name: rule.name,
+              enabled: rule.enabled,
+              severity: rule.severity,
+              message: rule.message,
+              conditions: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(rule.conditions)),
+            };
+          } else {
+            this.ruleEditId = null;
+            this.ruleEdit = { name: '', enabled: true, severity: 'medium', message: '', conditions: [] };
+          }
+          this.ruleModalOpen = true;
+        },
+
+        async saveRule() {
+          const payload = { ...this.ruleEdit };
+          try {
+            const url = this.ruleEditId ? `/api/rules/${this.ruleEditId}` : '/api/rules';
+            const method = this.ruleEditId ? 'PUT' : 'POST';
+            const res = await fetch(url, {
+              method,
+              headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', ...this.authHeader() },
+              body: JSON.stringify(payload),
+            });
+            if (!res.ok) throw new Error(await res.text());
+            this.ruleModalOpen = false;
+            await this.loadRules();
+          } catch (err) {
+            alert('Failed to save rule: ' + err.message);
+          }
+        },
+
+        async toggleRule(ruleId, enabled) {
+          try {
+            const rule = this.rules.find((r) => r.id === ruleId);
+            if (!rule) return;
+            const res = await fetch(`/api/rules/${ruleId}`, {
+              method: 'PUT',
+              headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', ...this.authHeader() },
+              body: JSON.stringify({ ...rule, enabled }),
+            });
+            if (res.ok) await this.loadRules();
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
+        async deleteRule(ruleId) {
+          if (!confirm('Delete this rule?')) return;
+          try {
+            const res = await fetch(`/api/rules/${ruleId}`, {
+              method: 'DELETE',
+              headers: this.authHeader(),
+            });
+            if (res.ok) await this.loadRules();
+          } catch {}
+        },
+
         async askQuestion() {
           const q = this.askQuestionText.trim();
           if (!q) return;

backend/frontend/style.css

@@ -274,6 +274,31 @@ input {
   margin-bottom: 8px;
 }
 
+.panel-header--collapsible {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  user-select: none;
+  padding: 4px 0;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+.panel-header--collapsible:hover {
+  opacity: 0.85;
+}
+
+.panel-toggle {
+  display: inline-block;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
+  transform: rotate(-90deg);
+  width: 16px;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.panel-toggle--open {
+  transform: rotate(0deg);
+}
+
 #count {
   color: var(--muted);
   font-size: 14px;
@@ -691,6 +716,257 @@ input {
   font-size: 12px;
 }
 
+/* Alert summary in hero */
+.alert-summary {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 6px;
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  padding: 6px 14px;
+}
+
+.alert-badge {
+  min-width: 22px;
+  height: 22px;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  color: #0b1220;
+}
+
+.alert-badge--high {
+  background: #ef4444;
+}
+
+.alert-badge--medium {
+  background: #f97316;
+}
+
+.alert-badge--low {
+  background: #3b82f6;
+}
+
+.alert-label {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.alert-open-count {
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.alert-filters {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 10px;
+  margin-bottom: 12px;
+}
+
+.alert-filters select {
+  padding: 8px 12px;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+  color: var(--text);
+  font-size: 13px;
+}
+
+.alerts-list {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 10px;
+}
+
+.alert-card {
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  padding: 12px 14px;
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
+}
+
+.alert-card--high {
+  border-left-color: #ef4444;
+}
+
+.alert-card--medium {
+  border-left-color: #f97316;
+}
+
+.alert-card--low {
+  border-left-color: #3b82f6;
+}
+
+.alert-card__meta {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-bottom: 6px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+.alert-card__meta small {
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 12px;
+}
+
+.alert-card strong {
+  font-size: 14px;
+  display: block;
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+
+.alert-card p {
+  margin: 0 0 10px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  line-height: 1.45;
+}
+
+.alert-card__actions {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+.alerts-empty {
+  padding: 20px;
+  text-align: center;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 14px;
+  border: 1px dashed var(--border);
+  border-radius: 10px;
+}
+
+/* Rules management */
+.rules-list {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 10px;
+}
+
+.rule-card {
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  padding: 12px 14px;
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+}
+
+.rule-card--disabled {
+  opacity: 0.6;
+}
+
+.rule-card__meta {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-bottom: 6px;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+
+.toggle-label {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 6px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+.toggle-label input[type="checkbox"] {
+  width: 14px;
+  height: 14px;
+  accent-color: var(--accent-strong);
+}
+
+.rule-card strong {
+  font-size: 14px;
+  display: block;
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+
+.rule-card p {
+  margin: 0 0 8px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  line-height: 1.4;
+}
+
+.rule-card__conditions {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: 6px;
+  margin-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+.rule-card__actions {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+}
+
+.rules-empty {
+  padding: 20px;
+  text-align: center;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 14px;
+  border: 1px dashed var(--border);
+  border-radius: 10px;
+}
+
+.rule-form {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 14px;
+}
+
+.rule-form label {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 6px;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  color: var(--muted);
+}
+
+.rule-form input,
+.rule-form select,
+.rule-form textarea {
+  padding: 10px 12px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.02);
+  color: var(--text);
+  font-size: 14px;
+}
+
+.rule-conditions {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 10px;
+}
+
+.condition-row {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 8px;
+  align-items: center;
+}
+
+.condition-row input,
+.condition-row select {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-width: 0;
+}
+
+.rule-form__actions {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 10px;
+  margin-top: 8px;
+}
+
 @media (max-width: 640px) {
   .topbar {
     flex-direction: column;

backend/main.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import structlog
 from audit_trail import log_action
-from config import AI_FEATURES_ENABLED, CORS_ORIGINS, ENABLE_PERIODIC_FETCH, FETCH_INTERVAL_MINUTES
+from config import AI_FEATURES_ENABLED, AUTH_ENABLED, CORS_ORIGINS, ENABLE_PERIODIC_FETCH, FETCH_INTERVAL_MINUTES
 from database import setup_indexes
 from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Request
 from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from fastapi.responses import Response
 from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
 from metrics import observe_request, prometheus_metrics
 from middleware import CorrelationIdMiddleware
+from routes.alerts import router as alerts_router
 from routes.config import router as config_router
 from routes.events import router as events_router
 from routes.fetch import router as fetch_router
@@ -51,10 +52,17 @@ logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.fetcher")
 
 app = FastAPI()
 
+# CORS: warn if wildcard is used with auth enabled, but do not break deployments
+_effective_cors = CORS_ORIGINS
+if AUTH_ENABLED and "*" in _effective_cors:
+    logger.warning(
+        "CORS wildcard (*) is insecure when AUTH_ENABLED=true. Set CORS_ORIGINS to your actual origin(s) in production."
+    )
+
 app.add_middleware(CorrelationIdMiddleware)
 app.add_middleware(
     CORSMiddleware,
-    allow_origins=CORS_ORIGINS,
+    allow_origins=_effective_cors,
     allow_credentials=True,
     allow_methods=["*"],
     allow_headers=["*"],
@@ -79,27 +87,41 @@ async def cache_control_middleware(request: Request, call_next):
         response.headers["Cache-Control"] = "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate"
         response.headers["Pragma"] = "no-cache"
         response.headers["Expires"] = "0"
+    # Basic CSP for the UI and API (allows MSAL auth flows)
+    if request.url.path.startswith("/api/") or request.url.path in ("/", "/index.html"):
+        response.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = (
+            "default-src 'self'; "
+            "script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' cdn.jsdelivr.net alcdn.msauth.net; "
+            "style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; "
+            "connect-src 'self' https://login.microsoftonline.com; "
+            "frame-src 'self' https://login.microsoftonline.com; "
+            "form-action 'self' https://login.microsoftonline.com; "
+            "img-src 'self' data:;"
+        )
     return response
 
 
+@app.middleware("http")
+async def rate_limit_middleware(request: Request, call_next):
+    """Apply Redis-backed rate limiting before processing the request."""
+    if request.url.path.startswith("/api/"):
+        from rate_limiter import check_rate_limit
+
+        await check_rate_limit(request)
+    return await call_next(request)
+
+
 @app.middleware("http")
 async def audit_middleware(request: Request, call_next):
     response = await call_next(request)
     if request.url.path.startswith("/api/") and request.method in ("POST", "PATCH", "PUT", "DELETE"):
-        from auth import AUTH_ENABLED
-
         user = "anonymous"
         if AUTH_ENABLED:
-            auth_header = request.headers.get("authorization", "")
-            if auth_header.lower().startswith("bearer "):
-                try:
-                    from jose import jwt
+            from auth import _auth_context
 
-                    token = auth_header.split(" ", 1)[1]
-                    claims = jwt.get_unverified_claims(token)
-                    user = claims.get("sub", "unknown")
-                except Exception:
-                    pass
+            claims = _auth_context.get(None)
+            if isinstance(claims, dict):
+                user = claims.get("sub", "unknown")
         log_action(
             action=request.method.lower(),
             resource=request.url.path,
@@ -123,6 +145,7 @@ if AI_FEATURES_ENABLED:
     app.mount("/mcp", mcp_asgi)
 app.include_router(saved_searches_router, prefix="/api")
 app.include_router(rules_router, prefix="/api")
+app.include_router(alerts_router, prefix="/api")
 app.include_router(jobs_router, prefix="/api")
 
 
@@ -150,6 +173,19 @@ async def version():
     return {"version": os.environ.get("VERSION", "unknown")}
 
 
+@app.exception_handler(Exception)
+async def generic_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: Exception):
+    """Return generic error messages for unhandled exceptions to avoid info leakage."""
+    if isinstance(exc, HTTPException):
+        raise exc
+    logger.error("Unhandled exception", path=request.url.path, error=str(exc))
+    return Response(
+        content='{"detail":"Internal server error"}',
+        status_code=500,
+        media_type="application/json",
+    )
+
+
 frontend_dir = Path(__file__).parent / "frontend"
 app.mount("/", StaticFiles(directory=frontend_dir, html=True), name="frontend")
 
@@ -167,6 +203,9 @@ async def _periodic_fetch():
 @app.on_event("startup")
 async def start_periodic_fetch():
     setup_indexes()
+    from rules import seed_default_rules
+
+    seed_default_rules()
     if ENABLE_PERIODIC_FETCH:
         app.state.fetch_task = asyncio.create_task(_periodic_fetch())
 

backend/mcp_server.py

@@ -41,6 +41,15 @@ from mcp_common import (
     handle_search_events,
 )
 
+# Security warning: this standalone stdio server has no authentication.
+# Only run it in trusted environments (e.g. local Claude Desktop) and
+# ensure the MongoDB connection uses authenticated credentials.
+print("=" * 60, file=sys.stderr)
+print("AOC MCP Server (stdio transport)", file=sys.stderr)
+print("WARNING: No authentication layer. Only run in trusted", file=sys.stderr)
+print("environments or behind a VPN. See AGENTS.md for details.", file=sys.stderr)
+print("=" * 60, file=sys.stderr)
+
 app = Server("aoc")
 
 

backend/models/api.py

@@ -63,12 +63,18 @@ class CommentAddRequest(BaseModel):
     text: str
 
 
+class AlertCondition(BaseModel):
+    field: str
+    op: str  # eq, neq, contains, in, after_hours
+    value: str | list[str] | None = None
+
+
 class AlertRuleResponse(BaseModel):
     id: str | None = None
     name: str
     enabled: bool
     severity: str
-    conditions: list[dict]
+    conditions: list[AlertCondition]
     message: str
 
 

backend/notifications.py

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+"""Pluggable notification channels for admin-ops alerts.
+
+Supported channels:
+- webhook: POST JSON to any URL (Slack, Teams, generic)
+"""
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+import requests
+import structlog
+from tenacity import retry, retry_if_exception_type, stop_after_attempt, wait_exponential
+
+logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.notifications")
+
+WEBHOOK_TIMEOUT = 15
+
+
+@retry(
+    stop=stop_after_attempt(3),
+    wait=wait_exponential(multiplier=1, min=2, max=10),
+    retry=retry_if_exception_type((requests.ConnectionError, requests.Timeout)),
+    reraise=True,
+)
+def _post_webhook(url: str, payload: dict) -> requests.Response:
+    """POST to webhook with retry on connection/timeout errors."""
+    return requests.post(url, json=payload, timeout=WEBHOOK_TIMEOUT, headers={"Content-Type": "application/json"})
+
+
+def _build_slack_payload(rule_name: str, severity: str, message: str, event: dict) -> dict:
+    """Build a Slack-compatible block payload."""
+    color = {"high": "#ef4444", "medium": "#f97316", "low": "#3b82f6"}.get(severity, "#94a3b8")
+    ts = event.get("timestamp", "?")
+    op = event.get("operation", "unknown")
+    actor = event.get("actor_display", "unknown")
+    targets = ", ".join(event.get("target_displays", [])) or "—"
+    svc = event.get("service", "unknown")
+    return {
+        "text": f"[{severity.upper()}] {rule_name}: {message}",
+        "attachments": [
+            {
+                "color": color,
+                "fields": [
+                    {"title": "Rule", "value": rule_name, "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Severity", "value": severity.upper(), "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Service", "value": svc, "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Action", "value": op, "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Actor", "value": actor, "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Target", "value": targets, "short": True},
+                    {"title": "Time", "value": ts, "short": False},
+                ],
+                "footer": "AOC Admin Operations Center",
+            }
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def _build_teams_payload(rule_name: str, severity: str, message: str, event: dict) -> dict:
+    """Build a Microsoft Teams adaptive card payload."""
+    color = {"high": "Attention", "medium": "Warning", "low": "Good"}.get(severity, "Default")
+    ts = event.get("timestamp", "?")
+    op = event.get("operation", "unknown")
+    actor = event.get("actor_display", "unknown")
+    targets = ", ".join(event.get("target_displays", [])) or "—"
+    svc = event.get("service", "unknown")
+    return {
+        "type": "message",
+        "attachments": [
+            {
+                "contentType": "application/vnd.microsoft.card.adaptive",
+                "content": {
+                    "$schema": "http://adaptivecards.io/schemas/adaptive-card.json",
+                    "type": "AdaptiveCard",
+                    "version": "1.4",
+                    "body": [
+                        {
+                            "type": "TextBlock",
+                            "text": f"🚨 {severity.upper()}: {rule_name}",
+                            "weight": "Bolder",
+                            "size": "Medium",
+                            "color": color,
+                        },
+                        {"type": "TextBlock", "text": message, "wrap": True},
+                        {
+                            "type": "FactSet",
+                            "facts": [
+                                {"title": "Service:", "value": svc},
+                                {"title": "Action:", "value": op},
+                                {"title": "Actor:", "value": actor},
+                                {"title": "Target:", "value": targets},
+                                {"title": "Time:", "value": ts},
+                            ],
+                        },
+                    ],
+                },
+            }
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def _build_generic_payload(rule_name: str, severity: str, message: str, event: dict) -> dict:
+    """Build a generic JSON payload."""
+    return {
+        "alert": {
+            "rule_name": rule_name,
+            "severity": severity,
+            "message": message,
+            "timestamp": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
+        },
+        "event": {
+            "id": event.get("id"),
+            "timestamp": event.get("timestamp"),
+            "service": event.get("service"),
+            "operation": event.get("operation"),
+            "actor_display": event.get("actor_display"),
+            "target_displays": event.get("target_displays"),
+            "result": event.get("result"),
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def send_notification(
+    webhook_url: str,
+    format_type: str,
+    rule_name: str,
+    severity: str,
+    message: str,
+    event: dict,
+) -> bool:
+    """Send an alert notification to the configured channel.
+
+    Args:
+        webhook_url: URL to POST to.
+        format_type: "slack", "teams", or "generic".
+        rule_name: Name of the triggered rule.
+        severity: high, medium, or low.
+        message: Human-readable alert message.
+        event: The normalized event that triggered the alert.
+
+    Returns:
+        True if delivery succeeded, False otherwise.
+    """
+    if not webhook_url:
+        return False
+
+    builders = {
+        "slack": _build_slack_payload,
+        "teams": _build_teams_payload,
+        "generic": _build_generic_payload,
+    }
+    builder = builders.get(format_type, _build_generic_payload)
+    payload = builder(rule_name, severity, message, event)
+
+    try:
+        res = _post_webhook(webhook_url, payload)
+        res.raise_for_status()
+        logger.info(
+            "Notification sent",
+            rule=rule_name,
+            severity=severity,
+            format=format_type,
+            status_code=res.status_code,
+        )
+        return True
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Notification failed after retries",
+            rule=rule_name,
+            severity=severity,
+            format=format_type,
+            error=str(exc),
+        )
+        return False

backend/rate_limiter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""Simple Redis-backed fixed-window rate limiter."""
+
+import time
+
+import structlog
+from config import RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED, RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS, RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS
+from fastapi import HTTPException, Request
+from redis_client import get_redis
+
+logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.rate_limit")
+
+
+class RateLimitExceeded(HTTPException):
+    def __init__(self, retry_after: int):
+        super().__init__(
+            status_code=429,
+            detail="Rate limit exceeded. Please slow down.",
+            headers={"Retry-After": str(retry_after)},
+        )
+
+
+def _get_identifier(request: Request) -> str:
+    """Best-effort client identifier: authenticated sub, or X-Forwarded-For, or client host."""
+    user = getattr(request.state, "user", None)
+    if user and isinstance(user, dict):
+        sub = user.get("sub")
+        if sub and sub != "anonymous":
+            return f"user:{sub}"
+
+    forwarded = request.headers.get("x-forwarded-for")
+    if forwarded:
+        return f"ip:{forwarded.split(',')[0].strip()}"
+
+    return f"ip:{request.client.host if request.client else 'unknown'}"
+
+
+def _get_path_category(path: str) -> str:
+    """Bucket paths into rate-limit categories."""
+    if path.startswith("/api/fetch"):
+        return "fetch"
+    if path.startswith("/api/ask"):
+        return "ask"
+    if path.startswith("/api/events/bulk-tags"):
+        return "write"
+    return "default"
+
+
+def _limit_for_category(category: str) -> tuple[int, int]:
+    """Return (max_requests, window_seconds) for a category."""
+    if category == "fetch":
+        return (10, 3600)  # 10 per hour
+    if category == "ask":
+        return (30, 60)  # 30 per minute
+    if category == "write":
+        return (20, 60)  # 20 per minute
+    return (RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS, RATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_SECONDS)
+
+
+async def check_rate_limit(request: Request):
+    """Raise RateLimitExceeded if the client has exceeded their quota."""
+    if not RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED:
+        return
+
+    category = _get_path_category(request.url.path)
+    limit, window = _limit_for_category(category)
+
+    identifier = _get_identifier(request)
+    now = int(time.time())
+    window_key = now // window
+    redis_key = f"rate_limit:{identifier}:{category}:{window_key}"
+
+    try:
+        redis = await get_redis()
+        count = await redis.incr(redis_key)
+        if count == 1:
+            await redis.expire(redis_key, window)
+        if count > limit:
+            raise RateLimitExceeded(retry_after=window - (now % window))
+    except RateLimitExceeded:
+        raise
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.warning("Rate limiter Redis error; allowing request", error=str(exc))

backend/routes/alerts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""Alert management endpoints."""
+
+from auth import require_auth
+from bson import ObjectId
+from database import alerts_collection
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(require_auth)])
+
+
+class AlertStatusUpdate(BaseModel):
+    status: str  # open | acknowledged | resolved | false_positive
+
+
+class AlertListResponse(BaseModel):
+    items: list[dict]
+    total: int
+
+
+@router.get("/alerts", response_model=AlertListResponse)
+def list_alerts(
+    status: str = Query(default="", description="Filter by status"),
+    severity: str = Query(default="", description="Filter by severity"),
+    rule_name: str = Query(default="", description="Filter by rule name"),
+    page_size: int = Query(default=50, ge=1, le=200),
+    page: int = Query(default=1, ge=1),
+):
+    query = {}
+    if status:
+        query["status"] = status
+    if severity:
+        query["severity"] = severity
+    if rule_name:
+        query["rule_name"] = {"$regex": rule_name, "$options": "i"}
+
+    total = alerts_collection.count_documents(query)
+    skip = (page - 1) * page_size
+    cursor = alerts_collection.find(query, {"_id": 0}).sort("timestamp", -1).skip(skip).limit(page_size)
+    return {"items": list(cursor), "total": total}
+
+
+@router.patch("/alerts/{alert_id}/status")
+def update_alert_status(alert_id: str, body: AlertStatusUpdate):
+    result = alerts_collection.update_one(
+        {"_id": ObjectId(alert_id)},
+        {"$set": {"status": body.status}},
+    )
+    if result.matched_count == 0:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Alert not found")
+    return {"updated": True, "status": body.status}
+
+
+@router.get("/alerts/summary")
+def alert_summary():
+    """Return counts by status and severity for the dashboard."""
+    pipeline = [
+        {
+            "$group": {
+                "_id": {"status": "$status", "severity": "$severity"},
+                "count": {"$sum": 1},
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+    by_status_severity = list(alerts_collection.aggregate(pipeline))
+
+    total_open = alerts_collection.count_documents({"status": "open"})
+    total_acknowledged = alerts_collection.count_documents({"status": "acknowledged"})
+    total_resolved = alerts_collection.count_documents({"status": "resolved"})
+    total_false_positive = alerts_collection.count_documents({"status": "false_positive"})
+
+    return {
+        "total_open": total_open,
+        "total_acknowledged": total_acknowledged,
+        "total_resolved": total_resolved,
+        "total_false_positive": total_false_positive,
+        "by_status_severity": by_status_severity,
+    }

backend/routes/ask.py

@@ -397,8 +397,31 @@ def _format_events_for_llm(
     return "\n".join(lines)
 
 
+def _validate_llm_url(url: str):
+    """Prevent SSRF by rejecting internal/reserved addresses."""
+    from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+    if parsed.scheme != "https":
+        raise RuntimeError("LLM_BASE_URL must use HTTPS")
+    hostname = (parsed.hostname or "").lower()
+    if not hostname:
+        raise RuntimeError("LLM_BASE_URL must have a valid hostname")
+    blocked = {"localhost", "127.0.0.1", "0.0.0.0", "::1", "169.254.169.254"}
+    if hostname in blocked:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"LLM_BASE_URL hostname '{hostname}' is not allowed")
+    # Block link-local and private IP ranges
+    import ipaddress
+
+    try:
+        ip = ipaddress.ip_address(hostname)
+        if ip.is_private or ip.is_loopback or ip.is_link_local or ip.is_reserved:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"LLM_BASE_URL IP '{hostname}' is not allowed")
+    except ValueError:
+        pass  # hostname is not an IP, which is fine
+
+
 def _build_chat_url(base_url: str, api_version: str) -> str:
-    """Construct the chat completions URL, handling Azure OpenAI endpoints."""
     base = base_url.rstrip("/")
     url = base if base.endswith("/chat/completions") else f"{base}/chat/completions"
     if api_version:
@@ -424,6 +447,9 @@ async def _call_llm(
         },
     ]
 
+    # SSRF guard: only allow known public HTTPS endpoints
+    _validate_llm_url(LLM_BASE_URL)
+
     url = _build_chat_url(LLM_BASE_URL, LLM_API_VERSION)
     headers = {
         "Content-Type": "application/json",
@@ -570,6 +596,8 @@ async def _explain_event(event: dict, related: list[dict]) -> str:
         },
     ]
 
+    _validate_llm_url(LLM_BASE_URL)
+
     url = _build_chat_url(LLM_BASE_URL, LLM_API_VERSION)
     headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
     if "azure" in LLM_BASE_URL.lower() or "cognitiveservices" in LLM_BASE_URL.lower():
@@ -731,7 +759,7 @@ async def ask_question(body: AskRequest, user: dict = Depends(require_auth)):
         raw_events = list(cursor)
     except Exception as exc:
         logger.error("Failed to query events for ask", error=str(exc))
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"Database query failed: {exc}") from exc
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Database query failed") from exc
 
     for e in raw_events:
         e["_id"] = str(e.get("_id", ""))
@@ -803,7 +831,6 @@ async def ask_question(body: AskRequest, user: dict = Depends(require_auth)):
                     "total_matched": total,
                     "services_queried": query_services,
                     "excluded_services": excluded_services,
-                    "mongo_query": json.dumps(query, default=str),
                 },
                 llm_used=False,
                 llm_error=None,
@@ -863,7 +890,6 @@ async def ask_question(body: AskRequest, user: dict = Depends(require_auth)):
             "total_matched": total,
             "services_queried": query_services,
             "excluded_services": excluded_services,
-            "mongo_query": json.dumps(query, default=str),
         },
         llm_used=llm_used,
         llm_error=llm_error,

backend/routes/events.py

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ def list_events(
         cursor_query = events_collection.find(query).sort([("timestamp", -1), ("_id", -1)]).limit(safe_page_size)
         events = list(cursor_query)
     except Exception as exc:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to query events: {exc}") from exc
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to query events") from exc
 
     next_cursor = None
     if len(events) == safe_page_size:
@@ -241,9 +241,17 @@ def bulk_tags(
     update = {"$set": {"tags": tags}} if body.mode == "replace" else {"$addToSet": {"tags": {"$each": tags}}}
 
     try:
+        matched = events_collection.count_documents(query, limit=10001)
+        if matched > 10000:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=400,
+                detail="Bulk tag update matches too many events (>10000). Narrow your filters.",
+            )
         result_obj = events_collection.update_many(query, update)
+    except HTTPException:
+        raise
     except Exception as exc:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to update tags: {exc}") from exc
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to update tags") from exc
 
     log_action(
         "bulk_tags",
@@ -268,7 +276,7 @@ def filter_options(
         actor_upns = sorted([a for a in events_collection.distinct("actor_upn") if a])[:safe_limit]
         devices = sorted([a for a in events_collection.distinct("target_displays") if isinstance(a, str)])[:safe_limit]
     except Exception as exc:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to load filter options: {exc}") from exc
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail="Failed to load filter options") from exc
 
     if not user_can_access_privacy_services(user):
         services = [s for s in services if s not in PRIVACY_SERVICES]

backend/routes/fetch.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import time
 
+import structlog
 from audit_trail import log_action
 from auth import require_auth
 from config import ALERTS_ENABLED
@@ -15,6 +16,8 @@ from sources.intune_audit import fetch_intune_audit
 from sources.unified_audit import fetch_unified_audit
 from watermark import get_watermark, set_watermark
 
+logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.fetch")
+
 router = APIRouter(dependencies=[Depends(require_auth)])
 
 
@@ -85,5 +88,8 @@ def fetch_logs(
             user.get("sub", "anonymous"),
         )
         return result
+    except HTTPException:
+        raise
     except Exception as exc:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=502, detail=str(exc)) from exc
+        logger.error("Fetch failed", error=str(exc))
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=502, detail="Failed to fetch audit logs") from exc

backend/routes/webhooks.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import structlog
+from config import WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Request, Response
 
 router = APIRouter()
@@ -10,9 +11,12 @@ async def graph_webhook(request: Request):
     """
     Receive Microsoft Graph change notifications.
     Handles the validation handshake by echoing validationToken.
+    Validates clientState on notifications to prevent spoofing.
     """
     validation_token = request.query_params.get("validationToken")
     if validation_token:
+        # Microsoft sends validationToken as a query param during subscription creation.
+        # Echo it back as plain text to prove endpoint ownership.
         return Response(content=validation_token, media_type="text/plain")
 
     try:
@@ -21,12 +25,26 @@ async def graph_webhook(request: Request):
         logger.warning("Invalid webhook payload", error=str(exc))
         return Response(status_code=400)
 
-    for notification in body.get("value", []):
+    notifications = body.get("value", [])
+    if not isinstance(notifications, list):
+        logger.warning("Invalid webhook payload structure")
+        return Response(status_code=400)
+
+    for notification in notifications:
+        client_state = notification.get("clientState")
+        if WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET and client_state != WEBHOOK_CLIENT_SECRET:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Graph webhook rejected: invalid clientState",
+                change_type=notification.get("changeType"),
+                resource=notification.get("resource"),
+            )
+            return Response(status_code=401)
+
         logger.info(
             "Received Graph notification",
             change_type=notification.get("changeType"),
             resource=notification.get("resource"),
-            client_state=notification.get("clientState"),
+            client_state=client_state,
         )
 
     return {"status": "accepted"}

backend/rules.py

@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
-from datetime import UTC, datetime
+"""Rule-based alerting for admin operations.
+
+Rules are evaluated during event ingestion. Triggered alerts are stored in MongoDB
+and optionally forwarded to a notification channel (webhook, Slack, Teams).
+
+Deduplication: the same rule firing for the same actor within ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES
+produces only one alert.
+"""
+
+from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
 
 import structlog
+from config import ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES, ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT, ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL
 from database import db
+from pymongo import ASCENDING
 
 logger = structlog.get_logger("aoc.rules")
 rules_collection = db["alert_rules"]
@@ -18,6 +29,13 @@ def evaluate_event(event: dict) -> list[dict]:
     rules = load_rules()
     for rule in rules:
         if _matches(rule, event):
+            if _is_duplicate(rule, event):
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Alert deduplicated",
+                    rule=rule.get("name"),
+                    event_id=event.get("id"),
+                )
+                continue
             triggered.append(rule)
             _create_alert(rule, event)
     return triggered
@@ -50,6 +68,9 @@ def _matches(rule: dict, event: dict) -> bool:
                     return False
             except Exception:
                 return False
+        if op == "threshold_count":
+            # Threshold rules are evaluated at query time, not per-event
+            return False
     return True
 
 
@@ -64,7 +85,22 @@ def _get_nested(obj: dict, path: str):
     return val
 
 
+def _is_duplicate(rule: dict, event: dict) -> bool:
+    """Check if an alert for this rule + actor was recently created."""
+    if ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES <= 0:
+        return False
+    cutoff = (datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(minutes=ALERT_DEDUPE_MINUTES)).isoformat()
+    actor = event.get("actor_display") or event.get("actor_upn") or "unknown"
+    query = {
+        "rule_id": str(rule.get("_id")),
+        "actor": actor,
+        "timestamp": {"$gte": cutoff},
+    }
+    return alerts_collection.count_documents(query, limit=1) > 0
+
+
 def _create_alert(rule: dict, event: dict):
+    actor = event.get("actor_display") or event.get("actor_upn") or "unknown"
     alert = {
         "timestamp": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(),
         "rule_id": str(rule.get("_id")),
@@ -72,10 +108,177 @@ def _create_alert(rule: dict, event: dict):
         "severity": rule.get("severity", "medium"),
         "event_id": event.get("id"),
         "event_dedupe_key": event.get("dedupe_key"),
+        "actor": actor,
         "message": rule.get("message", f"Rule '{rule.get('name')}' triggered"),
+        "status": "open",  # open | acknowledged | resolved | false_positive
     }
     try:
         alerts_collection.insert_one(alert)
         logger.info("Alert created", rule=rule.get("name"), event_id=event.get("id"))
     except Exception as exc:
         logger.warning("Failed to create alert", error=str(exc))
+        return
+
+    # Send notification
+    if ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL:
+        try:
+            from notifications import send_notification
+
+            send_notification(
+                webhook_url=ALERT_WEBHOOK_URL,
+                format_type=ALERT_WEBHOOK_FORMAT,
+                rule_name=rule.get("name", "Unnamed rule"),
+                severity=rule.get("severity", "medium"),
+                message=rule.get("message", ""),
+                event=event,
+            )
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("Failed to send notification", error=str(exc))
+
+
+def seed_default_rules():
+    """Upsert pre-built admin-ops rule templates. Safe for concurrent startup."""
+    # One-time cleanup: remove duplicates by name, keep the oldest (_id ascending)
+    pipeline = [
+        {"$sort": {"_id": ASCENDING}},
+        {"$group": {"_id": "$name", "first_id": {"$first": "$_id"}}},
+    ]
+    seen = {doc["_id"]: doc["first_id"] for doc in rules_collection.aggregate(pipeline)}
+    for name, keep_id in seen.items():
+        rules_collection.delete_many({"name": name, "_id": {"$ne": keep_id}})
+
+    defaults = [
+        {
+            "name": "Failed Conditional Access",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": (
+                "A Conditional Access policy evaluation failed. "
+                "This may indicate a sign-in risk or policy misconfiguration."
+            ),
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "Directory"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "ConditionalAccess"},
+                {"field": "result", "op": "neq", "value": "success"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "After-Hours Admin Activity",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "medium",
+            "message": "A privileged operation was performed outside business hours (9 AM – 5 PM).",
+            "conditions": [
+                {
+                    "field": "service",
+                    "op": "in",
+                    "value": ["Directory", "UserManagement", "GroupManagement", "RoleManagement"],
+                },
+                {"field": "timestamp", "op": "after_hours"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "New Application Registration",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "medium",
+            "message": (
+                "A new application was registered in Entra ID. Review for shadow IT or unauthorized integrations."
+            ),
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "ApplicationManagement"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Add application"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Admin Role Assignment",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": "A user was assigned an administrative role. Verify this was expected and authorized.",
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "RoleManagement"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Add member to role"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "License Change",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "low",
+            "message": "A license was assigned or removed from a user. Monitor for unexpected cost changes.",
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "License"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Bulk User Deletion",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": (
+                "Multiple users were deleted in a short window. "
+                "This may indicate a compromised admin account or cleanup activity."
+            ),
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "in", "value": ["Directory", "UserManagement"]},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Delete user"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Device Compliance Failure",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "medium",
+            "message": (
+                "A device failed compliance evaluation. "
+                "It may no longer meet your organization's security requirements."
+            ),
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "Intune"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "compliance"},
+                {"field": "result", "op": "neq", "value": "success"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Exchange Transport Rule Change",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": "An Exchange transport rule was modified. This could affect mail flow or security filtering.",
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "Exchange"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Transport rule"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Service Principal Credential Added",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "high",
+            "message": "A new secret or certificate was added to a service principal. Verify this was expected.",
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "eq", "value": "ApplicationManagement"},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Add service principal credentials"},
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "External Sharing Enabled",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "severity": "medium",
+            "message": (
+                "External sharing settings were modified on a SharePoint site or team. Review for data exposure risk."
+            ),
+            "conditions": [
+                {"field": "service", "op": "in", "value": ["SharePoint", "Teams"]},
+                {"field": "operation", "op": "contains", "value": "Sharing"},
+            ],
+        },
+    ]
+
+    inserted = 0
+    for rule in defaults:
+        try:
+            result = rules_collection.replace_one(
+                {"name": rule["name"]},
+                rule,
+                upsert=True,
+            )
+            if result.upserted_id:
+                inserted += 1
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("Failed to seed rule", rule=rule["name"], error=str(exc))
+    if inserted:
+        logger.info("Default admin-ops rules seeded", inserted=inserted, total=len(defaults))

backend/tests/test_rules.py

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ def test_evaluate_event_creates_alert(monkeypatch):
         inserted["doc"] = doc
 
     monkeypatch.setattr(alerts_collection, "insert_one", mock_insert)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(alerts_collection, "count_documents", lambda *args, **kwargs: 0)
 
     event = {"id": "e1", "operation": "Add user", "timestamp": datetime.now(UTC).isoformat(), "dedupe_key": "dk1"}
     triggered = evaluate_event(event)

docker-compose.yml

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ services:
     image: valkey/valkey:8-alpine
     container_name: aoc-redis
     restart: always
-    ports:
-      - "6379:6379"
+    # Ports not exposed to host; backend and worker connect via Docker network
     volumes:
       - redis_data:/data
 
@@ -12,8 +11,7 @@ services:
     image: mongo:7
     container_name: aoc-mongo
     restart: always
-    ports:
-      - "27017:27017"
+    # Ports not exposed to host; backend and worker connect via Docker network
     environment:
       MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: ${MONGO_ROOT_USERNAME}
       MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${MONGO_ROOT_PASSWORD}